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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurovirol. 2015 Sep 25;22(2):179–190. doi: 10.1007/s13365-015-0383-6

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Exosomes isolated from the plasma of HAD patients can induced SH-SY5Y cells to produce Nef protein (red line, red axis) and induce secretion of Aβ1-42 (blue bars blue axis). Exosomes from the plasma of HAD and normal cognitive controls were isolated from 1ml of plasma by differential centrifugation. The isolated exosomes were placed on SH-SY5Y cells for 24h and the conditioned supernatant was analyzed for the presence Aβ1-42 using ELISA (blue bars, blue axis). The treated SH-SY5Y cells were also analyzed by Nef ELISA (red line, red axis). The mean measurement of Amyloid in the HAD group was 15.1 ± 6 pg/ml and of Nef 2994 ± 1000 pg/ml. The mean measurement of Amyloid in the normal cognition group was 2.2 ± 1 pg/ml and of Nef was 109 ± 112 pg/ml. The difference in both measurements were statistically significant (p <0.001).