Table 1.
Wrist devices designed to monitor parameters related to the training and health of athletes.
| Device | Training parameters monitored | Health parameters monitored | Technology employed | Additional comments and scientific evaluation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polar V800© (Polar Electro, 2015) | D, L, V, El, Alt, HR, HRR, HRV, F | Slt, Slq | GPS, HR chestbelt, additional sensors | Additional Sensors from Polar Electro required. Valid to detect RR intervals with an error of 0.09% and an ICC > 0.99 (Giles et al., 2016) |
| Microsoft Band 2© (Microsoft, 2015) | D, L, V, HR | UV, Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, ambient light sensor, barometer, capacitive sensor, GPS, GSR, gyroscope, photoplethysmograph, skin temp. sensor, UV sensor | |
| amiigo© (Amiigo, 2015) | D, L, V, HR, (HRV) | Oxy, Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, pulse oximeter, temp. sensor | |
| Fitbit Surge© (fitbit Inc., 2015b) | D, L, V, El, HR | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, altimeter, digital compass, GPS, gyroscope, photoplethysmograph, ambient light sensor | |
| Suunto Ambit3 Peak (HR)© (Suunto, 2015) | D, L, V, El, Etemp, Alt, HR | GPS, barometer, compass, HR chestbelt | ||
| Withings Pulse Ox© (Withings, 2015) | D, L, El, HR | Oxy, Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, pulse oximeter | The preceding model overestimates sleep time, but had a validity of r = 0.92 when compared to a gold standard (Ferguson et al., 2015) |
| Fitbit charge HR© (fitbit Inc., 2015a) | D, L, El, HR | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, altimeter, photoplethysmograph | |
| Garmin vivoactive© (Garmin Ltd., 2015b) | D, L, V, HR | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, GPS, GLONASS, HR chestbelt | |
| Garmin vivosmart HR© (Garmin Ltd., 2015c) | D, L, El, HR | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, altimeter, photoplethysmograph | |
| Fitbit charge© (fitbit Inc., 2015b) | D, L, El | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, altimeter | |
| Garmin Forerunner 910XT© (Garmin Ltd., 2015a) | D, L, V, El, HR | Altimeter, GPS, HR chestbelt | ||
| LG Electronics Lifeband Touch ActivityTracker© (LG Electronics, 2015) | D, L, V, El, HR | Accelerometer, altimeter, HR chestbelt | ||
| Basis Peak© (Basis, 2015) | D, HR | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, photoplethysmograph, GSR, skin temp. sensor | |
| Jawbone UP3© (Jawbone, 2015) | D, HR | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, bioimpedence Sensor | For total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and wake after sleep onset, the preceding model showed good agreement with polyssomnography with a mean difference ± SD of 10.0 ± 20.5 min; −1.9±4.2% and 0.6 ± 14.7 min, respectively (de Zambotti et al., 2015). |
| Mio Alpha 2© (Mio Global, 2015) | D, L, V, HR | Accelerometer, photoplethysmograph | Its previous model showed significant differences to a reference device for measuring HR at walking, biking (p < 0.05) and weight lifting (p < 0.01) (Spierer et al., 2015). | |
| Adidas micoach smart run© (adidas Pty. Ltd., 2014) | D, L, V, HR | GPS, photoplethysmograph | ||
| Nike + Sportband© (+Shoe insert) (Nike Inc., 2015a) | D, L, V, HR | HR chestbelt, piezoelectric embed in shoe | ||
| Nike + Sportwatch GPS© (Nike Inc., 2015b) | D, L, V, HR | GPS, HR chestbelt | ||
| Medisana ViFit connect Activity Tracker© (Medisana, 2015) | D, L | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer | |
| Philips Actiwatch Spectrum Pro© (Philips, 2016) | Slt, Slq, (Sub) | Accelerometer, irradiance sensor, photopic illuminance sensor, Photon Flux sensor | Subjective markers to assess pain only. The sleep accuracy of the preceding modelwas r = 0.86 compared to polysomnography (Marino et al., 2013). | |
| Polar Electro Loop©(Polar Electro, 2015) | D, HR | Slt, Slq | Accelerometer, HR chestbelt | |
| Seraphim Sense Angel Sensor© (Seraphim Sense Ltd., 2014) | D, HR | (Oxy) | Accelerometer, gyroscope, photoplethysmograph, skin temp. sensor | Blood oxygen sensor under development |
Abbreviations: Alt, altitude; D, distance traveled; El, change in elevation; Etemp, environmental temperature; F, neuromuscular fatigue; GLONASS, Global Navigation Satellite System; GPS, General Positioning System; GSR, Galvanic Skin Response; HR, heart rate; HRV, variability of heart rate; HRR, heart rate recovery; ICC, Intraclass correlation coefficient; L, duration of exercise; Oxy, blood oxygenation; Slq, sleep quality; Slt, sleep time; Sub, subjective markers; UV, ultraviolet radiation; V, velocity; (), with restrictions.