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. 2016 Feb 24;2016:2476164. doi: 10.1155/2016/2476164

Table 3.

Reasons for initiation, adverse effects, and sources of substance use (n = 127).

Frequency Percentage
Reasons for initiation of substance use
 Curiosity 42 33.1
 Pleasure 38 29.9
 Relief of psychological stress 20 15.7
 Relief of fatigue 14 11
 To treat a health disorder 8 6.3
 To be sociable 8 6.3
 To improve academic performance 8 6.3
 To be accepted by others 7 5.5
 To remain awake at night 7 5.5
 Poor relationship with parents 3 2.4
Reported adverse effects of substance use
 Health problems 25 19.7
 Theft or loss of money and valuable items 25 19.7
 Poor academic performance 13 10.2
 Arguments or fights 12 9.4
 Relationship problems with friends 10 7.9
 Relationship problems with parents 9 7.1
 Accidents or injuries 9 7.1
 Problems with teachers 4 3.1
Source of substance use
 Friends 52 40.9
 Family 11 8.7
 Healthcare personnel 9 7.1
 Casual acquaintance 6 4.7
 Unknown 49 38.6