Figure 3. Effective medium parameters in the C3v honeycomb photonic crystal by using average eigen-field method.
All the components of effective permittivity and effective permeability go to zero for both polarizations, when the operating frequency approaches to the Dirac frequency. Note that the TM-polarized eigen-field is used to determine the out-of-plane component of the effective permittivity εeff ⊥ (blue solid) and the in-plane components of the effective permeability μeff // (blue dash). On the other hand, the remaining effective parameters are retrieved from the TE-polarized eigen-field patterns, i.e., the in-plane effective permittivity εeff // (red solid) and the out-of-plane effective permeability μeff ⊥ (red dash).