Table 1.
Molecules Regulate Gene Expression | Types of Modification | Examples | Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|
Histones | Methylation [30] | Histone methylation commonly silences the gene by repressing transcription, involving factors such as H3K27me3 [26]. | |
Acetylation [31,32] | Histone acetylation activates genes by enhancing the transcription, involving factors such as H3K4ac [31]. | ||
Phosphorylation [33,34] | Histone phosphorylation helps in chromatin remodeling and repairs the damaged DNA, such as H3T6 phosphorylation [35]. |