Table 2.

Moran’s I index for residuals and the deviance information criterion of four hierarchical spatial models

Models	Parametersa	Moran’s I (p value)	DIC
Model 1	Fixed effects, S, U	−0.1031 (0.9157)	306.385
Model 2	Fixed effects, S	−0.1193 (0.9467)	301.918
Model 3	Fixed effects, U	0.0923 (0.0721)	323.569
Model 4	Fixed effects	0.0888 (0.0794)	331.492

DIC deviance information criterion

^aFixed effects indicate variables that were significant in univariable and multivariable analyses and included in the hierarchical spatial models. The letters “S” and “U” indicate the structured and unstructured heterogeneity term, respectively