Table 4.

Possible protective mechanisms of TCMCR

Possible drug protective mechanisms	Studies
Increase in cerebral microvascular patency and integrity	[11]
Improve cognitive deficits	[3, 4]
Ameliorated cerebral edema	[1, 5–8, 10, 13–16, 19, 26]
Attenuated disruption of the blood–brain-barrier	[1, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 16, 24, 25]
Reduced the neuronal apoptosis	[9, 21]
Suppressed oxidative stress	[5, 18, 20]
Regulation of cerebral blood flow	[4, 8, 22, 23]
Increase activities of Na+-K+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase and regulation of Ca2+	[12]
promote the synthesizing and secreting of apolipoprotein E	[17]
Inhibited the inflammatory response	[5, 8, 19, 20, 26]