Table 3.
Echocardiographic and arterial stiffness parameters across CKD stages
| CKD stage 1/2 | CKD stage 3 | CKD stage 4/5 | p valuea | Adjusted p valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simpsons biplane EF (%) | 63.7 ± 5.5 | 62.3 ± 4.9 | 62.5 ± 4.9 | 0.617 | 0.838 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 60.5 ± 20 | 70 ± 19.8 | 75.6 ± 24.1 | 0.003▪ | 0.085▪ |
| Concentric remodelling (%)RWT > 0.42 | 31 | 52.6 | 72.3 | <0.001‡▪• | <0.001‡▪• |
| E/e’ (average) | 6.96 ± 2.25 | 9.41 ± 3.87 | 9.92 ± 3.96 | <0.001‡ ▪ | 0.013‡ ▪ |
| TDI S’ - septal (cm/s) | 11 ± 2.7 | 10.6 ± 3.7 | 9.1 ± 2.3 | 0.02▪• | 0.03▪• |
| LV Twist (°) | 18.5 ± 4.4 | 19.9 ± 5.4 | 24.6 ± 5.4 | <0.001‡▪• | <0.001‡▪• |
| PWV(m/s) | 7.7 ± 2 | 10.3 ± 3.3 | 12.5 ± 4.2 | <0.001‡▪• | 0.001‡▪• |
LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction; LVMI left ventricular mass index; RWT regional wall thickness; LV left ventricular; PWV pulse wave velocity
aStatistically significant difference between: ‡CKD stage 1/2 and CKD stage 3, ▪CKD stage 1/2 and CKD stage 4/5, •CKD stage 3 and CKD stage 4/5
bAdjusted for age, gender, diabetes, SBP, BMI, treated hyperlipidaemia, eGFR and family history of ischaemic heart disease