Table 3.
Comparison of Macronutrient and Micronutrient Contents Among Different Formula Milks With the Standard Requirement, According to the ESPGHAN Guidelines.
| Parameter | Similac | Guigoz | S26 Gold | Dielac | ESPGHAN Guidelines |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal/dl) | 68 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 60-70 |
| Protein (gm/100 Kcal) | 2.21 | 2.1 | 1.94 | 2.76 | 1.8-3 |
| Fat (gm/100 Kcal) | 5.46 | 5.28 | 5.37 | 4.84 | 4.4-6 |
| Linoleic acid (LA) (gm/100 Kcal) | 0.941 | 0.866 | 0.776 | — | 0.3-1.2 |
| α-Linolenic acid (ALA) (mg/100 Kcal) | 73.53 | 107.46 | 62.69 | — | 50-NS |
| Ratio of LA/ALA | 12.8:1 | 8.1:1 | 12.4:1 | — | 5:1-15:1 |
| AA (mg/100 Kcal) | 20.74 | — | 17.91 | — | Should be at least equal to DHA content (optional) |
| DHA (mg/100 Kcal) | 10.29 | — | 10.6 | — | 0%-0.5% of total fat (optional) |
| Carbohydrate (gm/100 Kcal) | 10.15 | 11.06 | 10.9 | 11.34 | 9-14 |
| Oligosaccharide (gm/100 Kcal) | 0.59 | 0.612 | — | — | Not mentioned |
| Taurine (mg/100 Kcal) | 6.62 | 7.91 | 7.01 | — | 0-12 (optional) |
| Inositol (mg/100 Kcal) | 5.88 | 11.94 | 6.72 | — | 4-40 |
| l-Carnitine (gm/100 Kcal) | Amount not declared | 1.64 | 1.49 | — | 1.2-NS |
| Minerals | |||||
| Ca (mg/100 Kcal) | 77.94 | 73.13 | 62.69 | 96.72 | 50-140 |
| Ph (mg/100 Kcal) | 41.18 | 40.3 | 35.82 | 76.57 | 25-90 |
| Mg (mg/100 Kcal) | 7.5 | 9.7 | 6.72 | 8.06 | 5-15 |
| Na (mg/100 Kcal) | 26.47 | 29.85 | 23.88 | 38.36 | 20-60 |
| K (mg/100 Kcal) | 122.06 | 100 | 97.01 | 128.96 | 60-160 |
| Cl (mg/100 Kcal) | 64.71 | 68.66 | 64.18 | 70.6 | 50-160 |
| Zn (mg/100 Kcal) | 0.74 | 1.12 | 0.9 | 0.61 | 0.5-1.5 |
| Fe (mg/100 Kcal) | 0.88 | 1.06 | 1.19 | 1.21 | 0.3-1.3 |
| Cu (ug/100 Kcal) | 75 | 80.6 | 49.25 | 59.7 | 35-80 |
| Mn (ug/100 Kcal) | 19.12 | 23.88 | 7.46 | 11.04 | 1-50 |
| I (ug/100 Kcal) | 19.12 | 22.39 | 14.92 | 15.07 | 10-50 |
| Se (ug/100 Kcal) | 1.62 | 2.84 | 2.09 | 2.01 | Upto 9 |
| Fluoride (ug/100 Kcal) | — | — | — | — | NS-60 |
| Vitamins | |||||
| A (IU/100 Kcal) | 277.94 | 402.99 | 328.36 | 292.24 | 200-600 |
| D (IU/100 Kcal) | 50 | 58.21 | 71.64 | 48.35 | 40-100 |
| E (mg/100 Kcal) | 4.12 | 2.54 | 1.64 | 1.19 | 0.5-5 |
| K(ug/100 Kcal) | 9.85 | 8.66 | 10 | 6.12 | 4-25 |
| C (mg/100 Kcal) | 14.71 | 20.9 | 13.43 | 10.45 | 8-30 |
| B1(ug/100 Kcal) | 120 | 123.88 | 149.25 | 80.6 | 60-300 |
| B2 (ug/100 Kcal) | 210 | 208.96 | 164.18 | 179.1 | 80-400 |
| B6 (ug/100 Kcal) | 58.8 | 77.61 | 82.09 | 46.27 | 35-175 |
| B12 (ug/100 Kcal) | 0.28 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.1-0.5 |
| Niacin (ug/100 Kcal) | 1040 | 805.97 | 746.27 | 805.97 | 300-1500 |
| Pantothenic acid (ug/100 Kcal) | 590 | 835.82 | 522.39 | 626.87 | 400-2000 |
| Folic acid (ug/100 Kcal) | 13.97 | 13.73 | 16.42 | 14.93 | 10-50 |
| Biotin (ug/100 Kcal) | 3.68 | 3.28 | 2.99 | 2.82 | 1.5-7.5 |
| Choline (mg/100 Kcal) | 14.71 | 13.13 | 14.93 | 12.09 | 7-50 |
| Nucleotide equivalent (mg/100 Kcal) | 10.59 | — | 3.88 | — | 0-5 mg (optional) |
| Lutein | 16.32 | — | 11.94 | — | Not mentioned |
Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; NS, not specified.