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. 2015 Sep 29;351:h4183. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h4183

Table 3 .

Design of randomised controlled trials and selected baseline characteristics of eligible trials of calcium supplements that also used vitamin D supplements

Trial Design Calcium dose (mg/d) Vitamin D dose (IU/d) Duration Care setting No of participants* No in Ca/control group† % women Mean age (y)
Smith 198133 2×2 factorial: CaD, ex, ex/CaD, P 750 400 3 y Institution 80 21/30 100 82
Orwoll 199038 2 arm: CaD , P 1000 1000 3 y Community 86 41/36 0 58
Chapuy 199241 2 arm: CaD, P 1200 800 18 mo Institution 3270 27/29 100 84
Aloia 199444 3 arm: CaD, HRT/CaD, P/D 600 400 2.9 y Community 118 34/36 100 52
Chevalley 199419 3 arm: CaD, OMC/D, P/D 800 300 000 IM stat 18 mo Community 93 31/31 89 72
Dawson-Hughes 199749 2 arm: CaD, P 500 700 3 y Community 445 187/202 55 71
Baeksgaard 199850 3 arm: CaD, CaD/multivitamins, P 1000 560 2 y Community 160 65/63 100 62
Chapuy 200256 3 arm: CaD, CaD, P 1200 800 2 y Institution 610 393/190 100 85
Grados 200357 2 arm: CaD, P 500 400 12 mo Community 192 95/97 100 75
Doetsch 200458 2 arm: CaD, P 1000 800 12 w Community 30 16/14 NS NS
Harwood 200414 4 arm: CaD, CaD, D, control 1000 300 000 IM stat or 800 12 mo Community 150 75/75 100 81
Meier 200459 2 arm: CaD, control 500 500 6 mo Community 55 27/16 67 56
Riedt 200560 3 arm: CaD/w-loss, D/w-loss, w-maintain 1200 400 6 mo Community 55 23/24 100 61
Jackson 20067 2 arm: CaD, P 1000 400 7 y Community 2431 1230/1201 100 62
Bolton-Smith 200763 2×2 factorial: CaD, CaD/vit K, vit K, P 1000 400 2 y Community 244 99/110 100 68
Bonnick 200764 3 arm: CaD/alend, CaD, alend/D 1000 400 2 y Community 563 282/281 100 66
Hitz 200715 2 arm: CaD, P 1200 1400 12 mo Community 122 34/45 83 68
Zhu 200866 3 arm: Ca, CaD, P 1200 1000 5 y Community 120 79/41 100 75
Karkkainen 201069 2 arm: CaD, control 1000 800 3 y Community 593 287/306 100 67

Ca=calcium; HRT=hormone replacement therapy; P=placebo; CaD=co-administered calcium and vitamin D; ex=exercise; OMC=ossein-mineral complex; D=vitamin D; IM=intramuscular; w-loss=weight loss, w-maintain=weight maintenance; vit K=vitamin K; alend=alendronate; NS=not stated.

*Total number of randomised participants in all treatment arms.

†Number of participants in relevant arms from trial in whom bone mineral density was reported.