Table 1. Characteristics of the Study Participants.
| Parameters | Presbyopia Group (Mean ± SD) | Young Group (Mean ± SD) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 44.1 ± 2.6 | 28.4 ± 4.8 | <0.001* |
| CDVA < 0 (logMAR) | 100% (-0.169 ± 0.026) | 100% (-0.176 ± 0.000) | - |
| DCNVA < 0 (logMAR) | 48.1% (0.142 ± 0.267) | 100% (-0.156 ± 0.051) | <0.001† |
| DFVA (logMAR) | -0.119 ± 0.038 | -0.114 ± 0.048 | 0.740 |
| DCNFVA (logMAR) | 0.335 ± 0.334 | -0.119 ± 0.041 | <0.001* |
| AA (D) | 3.26 ± 1.09 | 9.19 ± 1.98 | <0.001* |
| Distance pupillary diameter (mm) | 3.28 ± 0.615 | 4.01 ± 0.89 | <0.001‡ |
| Near pupillary diameter (mm) | 2.67 ± 0.435 | 3.15 ± 0.438 | 0.002* |
| Schirmer’s test (mm) | 8.7 ± 7.9 | 16.0 ± 11.7 | 0.039‡ |
| BUT (seconds) | 5.6 ± 2.9 | 7.5 ± 4.7 | 0.257 |
SD, standard deviation; logMAR, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; DCVA, distance-corrected visual acuity; DCNVA, distance-corrected near visual acuity; DFVA, distance functional visual acuity; DCNFVA, distance-corrected near functional visual acuity; AA, amplitude of accommodation; BUT, tear-film break-up time; D, diopters.
*P < 0.05, Student’s t-test test.
†P < 0.05, chi-square test.
‡P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney’s U-test.