Fig. 4.

Relative expression levels of the EPAB, PABPC1, and PABPC3 genes in the isolated SC and RS fractions. a The SC fraction obtained from hyposperm group had the highest EPAB expression, and the SC and RS fractions from other NOA groups exhibited different expression profiles. b Both SC and RS fractions from hyposperm group highly expressed the PABPC1 mRNA when compared to the SC and RS fractions from remaining NOA groups (P < 0.05). c Similarly, PABPC3 was transcribed at higher amounts in the SC and RS fractions from hyposperm group in comparison to SC and RS fractions from other NOA groups (P < 0.05). The statistical significance among groups was analyzed by using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s T3 post hoc test, and their P values were depicted on columns using line charts. Note that P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Data are presented as mean ± SEM