Figure 3.

PNS inhibited the ROS and MDA induced by high glucose in rat RCECs. Seeded in plates or flasks, rat RCECs were incubated with PNS (100 μg/mL) in 30 mM glucose for 72 h. Fluorogenic probes (DCFH-DA, DHE, and MitoTracker Red CM-H₂XRos) showed that, after 72 h of PNS treatment, the intracellular H₂O₂ and O₂ ⁻ and mitochondrial ROS were decreased (a). A lipid peroxidation assay showed that PNS could decrease the MDA content (b). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 4). ^## P < 0.01 versus 5.5 mM glucose; ^∗∗ P < 0.01 versus 30 mM glucose. Scale bar: 33 μm.