TABLE 3.
Analysis of factors associated with on-cycle antibiotic use during ICU stay
| Variablec | On-cycle drug use (n = 598) | Off-cycle drug use (n = 194) | P value | aOR (95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Mean age (yrs) (range) | 59.1 (17-101) | 59.4 (16-97) | 0.78 | |
| Caucasian | 357 (59.7) | 130 (67) | 0.09 | |
| Male gender | 296 (49.5) | 95 (49) | 0.89 | |
| CHF | 114 (19.1) | 24 (12.4) | 0.03 | |
| COPD | 165 (27.6) | 57 (29.4) | 0.63 | |
| Cancer | 86 (14.4) | 20 (10.3) | 0.15 | |
| Chemotherapy | 12 (2) | 3 (1.5) | 0.48 | |
| HIV | 14 (2.3) | 4 (2.1) | 0.54 | |
| Diabetes | 210 (35.1) | 62 (32) | 0.42 | |
| Cirrhosis | 47 (7.9) | 14 (7.2) | 0.77 | |
| Chronic renal failure | 162 (27.1) | 43 (22.2) | 0.17 | |
| Dialysis | 64 (39.8) | 13 (30.2) | 0.25 | |
| Bone marrow transplantation | 33 (5.5) | 12 (6.2) | 0.73 | |
| Surgery in last 28 days | 40 (6.7) | 18 (9.3) | 0.23 | |
| Mean APACHE II score(range) | 24.4 (5-44) | 22.9 (6-45) | 0.01a | 1.03 (1.01-1.05) |
| Processes of care | ||||
| Antacid use | 96 (16.1) | 31 (16) | 0.98 | |
| H2 histamine antagonist | 256 (42.8) | 96 (49.5) | 0.10 | 0.71 (0.51-0.98) |
| Sucralfate use | 19 (3.2) | 1 (0.5) | 0.04 | |
| Vasopressor use | 294 (49.2) | 85 (43.8) | 0.16 | |
| Corticosteroid use | 220 (36.8) | 71 (36.6) | 0.96 | |
| Enteral nutrition | 381 (63.7) | 115 (59.3) | 0.27 | |
| Mechanical ventilation | 470 (78.6) | 149 (76.8) | 0.60 | |
| Reintubation | 112 (18.7) | 25 (12.9) | 0.06 | |
| ICU-related events | ||||
| Tracheostomy in ICU | 81 (13.5) | 20 (10.3) | 0.24 | |
| Mean length of ICU stay (days) (range) | 10.0 (3-64) | 7.6 (3-37) | <0.01a | 1.04 (1.02-1.07) |
| Acute hepatic failure | 138 (23.1) | 38 (19.6) | 0.31 | |
| Respiratory failure | 473 (79.1) | 149 (76.8) | 0.50 | |
| Acute renal failure | 297 (49.7) | 86 (44.3) | 0.19 | |
| Acute CHF | 111 (18.6) | 31 (16) | 0.42 | |
| Coma or seizure | 60 (10) | 14 (7.2) | 0.24 | |
| C. difficile-associated diarrhea | 53 (8.9) | 12 (6.2) | 0.24 |
a
Significant P value after correction for multiple comparisons.
b
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
c
Variables considered for inclusion but not significant in the final model include congestive heart failure (CHF), sucralfate use, and reintubation. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus. Unless otherwise noted, values are numbers of patients with percentages of the total number of patients in parentheses.