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. 2016 Feb 12;120(3):588–599. doi: 10.1111/jam.13039

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© 2016 The Authors published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for Applied Microbiology.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Principle coordinate analysis and unweighted UniFrac distances relative to step1 diet. Principle coordinate analysis of unweighted UniFrac distances between four step‐up diets and the finisher diet during corn‐adaptation and RAMP‐adaptation programs (a). Unweighted UniFrac distances relative to step1 were used to identify shifts in bacterial community composition between subsequent steps (compared using Mann–Whitney U tests) in the adaptation programs. A single shift in the community composition was identified between step3 and step4 during corn‐based adaptation (b) while two earlier shifts, step1 to step2 and from step2 to step3, were detected during RAMP‐adaptation (c). C1–C4 represents adaptation steps during corn‐based adaptation; R1–R4 represents adaptation steps during RAMP‐based adaptation. CF and RF represent corn‐ and RAMP‐adapted animals on the same finisher diet, respectively. (), C1; (), C2; (), C3; (), C4; (), CF; (), R1; (), R2; (), R3; (), R4; (), RF.

Inline graphic — Principle coordinate analysis and unweighted UniFrac distances relative to step1 diet. Principle coordinate analysis of unweighted UniFrac distances between four step‐up diets and the finisher diet during corn‐adaptation and RAMP‐adaptation programs (a). Unweighted UniFrac distances relative to step1 were used to identify shifts in bacterial community composition between subsequent steps (compared using Mann–Whitney U tests) in the adaptation programs. A single shift in the community composition was identified between step3 and step4 during corn‐based adaptation (b) while two earlier shifts, step1 to step2 and from step2 to step3, were detected during RAMP‐adaptation (c). C1–C4 represents adaptation steps during corn‐based adaptation; R1–R4 represents adaptation steps during RAMP‐based adaptation. CF and RF represent corn‐ and RAMP‐adapted animals on the same finisher diet, respectively. (), C1; (), C2; (), C3; (), C4; (), CF; (), R1; (), R2; (), R3; (), R4; (), RF.