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. 2016 Mar 9;18:8. doi: 10.1186/s12575-016-0037-y

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© Yao. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Schematic illustration of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis from transcription of a protein coding gene and from a miRNA gene. During miRNA biogenesis, a RNA transcript forms stem-loop primary-miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) that can be polycistronic or singular. The pri-miRNAs are processed into hairpin premature-miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) by Drosha. Pre-miRNAs are further cleaved into mature miRNAs by Dicer. Based on their origination, miRNAs can be classified into intragenic miRNAs that are originated from protein coding genes, and intergenic miRNAs that are originated from miRNA genes located between protein coding genes