Inhibition of the expression of SOCS-1 or -3 in liver improves hepatic steatosis in db/db mice. (a) Decreased lipid accumulation in liver of db/db mouse by suppression of SOCS-1 and -3. In the graph, each bar represents the mean ± SE (n = 6–18; *, P < 0.05 control vs. AS1 + 3). (Right) Representative results of Oil red O staining of liver with the indicated treatment. (b) Reduced concentrations of plasma triglyceride by suppression of SOCS-1 and -3 in db/db mice. Each bar represents the mean ± SE (n = 6–18; *, P < 0.05 control vs. AS3 or AS1 + 3). (c) Decreased expression of SREBP-1 in liver of db/db mouse by suppression of SOCS proteins. Shown are representative results of Northern blot analysis for SREBP-1, fatty acid synthase, or PGC-1α.(d) Decreased levels of nuclear SREBP-1 protein in liver of db/db mouse by suppression of SOCS proteins. Shown are representative results of immunoblot analysis with αSREBP-1 using nuclear fractions. AS1 + 3 indicates the combination therapy of AS1 and AS3, and control (Cont) includes C1, C3, and PBS groups.