Table 1. Twenty-four-hour dynamics of ghrelin, adiponectin, and leptin in lean and obese men.

	Ghrelin			Adiponectin			Leptin
	Lean	Obese	P	Lean	Obese	P	Lean	Obese	P
Mean hormone conc.	437 ± 9	409 ± 39	NS	5.3 ± 0.3	2.5 ± 0.3	<0.01	3.4 ± 0.6	16.7 ± 3.2	<0.005
Pulse freq. per 24 h	21.8 ± 2.0	16.0 ± 1.3	0.05	28.8 ± 2.0	30.4 ± 2.3	NS	25.4 ± 1.7	26.4 ± 1.5	NS
Interpeak interv., min	65.4 ± 6.9	91.8 ± 11.2	NS	48.3 ± 3.6	46.3 ± 1.4	NS	56.0 ± 5.3	52.7 ± 3.4	NS
Pulse duration, min	49.7 ± 5.8	68.0 ± 10.9	NS	36.3 ± 3.1	34.5 ± 1.4	NS	40.8 ± 4.9	38.3 ± 2.7	NS
Pulse height, conc.	496 ± 10	461 ± 41	NS	6.7 ± 0.4	3.3 ± 0.3	<0.001	3.8 ± 0.6	19.4 ± 3.5	<0.05
Pulse height, % incr.	125 ± 3	123 ± 3	NS	149 ± 6	152 ± 5	NS	118 ± 1	124 ± 2	<0.05
Valley conc., ng/ml	412 ± 11	384 ± 35	NS	4.8 ± 0.3	2.3 ± 0.2	<0.001	3.3 ± 0.5	15.9 ± 3.0	<0.05
Relative increment, %	8.7 ± 1.4	7.0 ± 0.7	NS	20.6 ± 2.8	21.3 ± 1.0	NS	7.5 ± 0.6	10.9 ± 1.2	<0.05
ApEn	0.754 ± 0.076	0.752 ± 0.043	NS	0.937 ± 0.024	0.927 ± 0.039	NS	0.759 ± 0.041	0.807 ± 0.061	NS

conc., plasma hormone concentrations, ghrelin (pg/ml), adiponectin (μg/ml), leptin (ng/ml); freq., frequency; interv., interval; incr., increase. Data are mean ± SE. Each column represents the analysis of an endocrine time series containing 207 time points collected every 7 min for 24 h, starting at 0800 hours, in the course of a standardized isocaloric diet, after two nights of acclimatization. n = 5 per group.