Table 8.
Decision analysis (n = 20).
| Framework name (reference) | Decision function | Decision approach | Decision tools/rules | Weighting | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C–ComparativeSR–Selection/rankingN–None | Sq–SequentialSi–SimultaneousMx–Mixed (for screening—selection, type noted)Mnu–Menu | NarA–Narrative aloneS–StructuralA–Analytical | ||||||||||||
| C | SR | N | Sq | Si | Mx | Mnu | NA/NS | NarA | S | A | NA/NS | Addressed | Method | |
| Goldschmidt 1993 | ✓ | NS | NS | NS | ||||||||||
| U.S. EPA CTSA (Kincaid et al. 1996) | ✓ | Sim–N/S | ✓ | NS | ||||||||||
| Rosenberg et al. 2001 | ✓ | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||
| Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, (Rossi et al. 2006) | ✓ | NS | ✓ | Implicit | ||||||||||
| MA TURI (Eliason and Morose 2011; MA TURI 2006) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | NS | ||||||||||
| P2OSH (Quinn et al. 2006) | ✓ | Sq–N/S | NS | Implicit | ||||||||||
| Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC 2007) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Explicit/Qual | Elicited | |||||||||
| TRGS 600 (BAuA AGS 2008) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Explicit/Qual | ||||||||||
| UNEP Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee’s General Guidance on Alternatives (UNEP 2009) | ✓ | NS | NS | NS | ||||||||||
| U.S. EPA DFE Program (Lavoie et al. 2010; U.S. EPA 2011a) | ✓ | NA | NA | NS | ||||||||||
| BizNGO (Rossi et al. 2011) | ✓ | Sq–N/S | ✓ | Implicit | ||||||||||
| German Guide on Sustainable Chemicals (Reihlen et al. 2011) | ✓ | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||
| UCLA Sustainable Policy & Technology Program (Malloy et al. 2011, 2013) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Explicit/Quant | Elicited | |||||||||
| REACH (ECHA 2011) | ✓ | Sq–Si | ✓ | Explicit/Qual | ||||||||||
| U.S. EPA SNAP Program (U.S. EPA 2011b) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | NS | ||||||||||
| European Commission DGE (Gilbert et al. 2012) | ✓ | Sq–Si | ✓ | ✓ | Implicit | |||||||||
| Ontario Toxics Use Reduction Program 2012 | ✓ | Sq–Si | ✓ | ✓ | Explicit/Quant | Elicited | ||||||||
| OSHA 2013 | ✓ | NS | NS | NS | ||||||||||
| Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse (IC2 2013) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Explicit/Qual and Quant | Default/Calculated/Elicited | ||||||||
| NAS (NRC 2014) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Explicit/Qual and Quant | |||||||||
| Abbreviations: NA, not applicable because framework did not include a decision-making function; NS, nonspecified, meaning the framework did not discuss this dimension; Qual, qualitative; Quant, quantitative. | ||||||||||||||