Table 2.
Potential antidiarrhoeal therapies
Name/class | Target and mechanism | Potential indication | Development stage |
---|---|---|---|
Antisecretory factor | Inhibition of enteric nervous system; increased epithelial permeability | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Phase III |
CaCCinh-A01 | Absorbable CaCC inhibitor | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical |
iOWH032 | Extracellular-acting CFTR inhibitor | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Phase I |
CFTRinh-172 | Absorbable CFTR inhibitor | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical |
Clotrimazole | K+ channel inhibitor | Acute secretory diarrhoea | FDA-approved for other indication |
Eluxadoline | μ-opioid receptor agonist | Diarrhoea- predominant IBD | Phase III |
Gallotannins | CaCC inhibitors | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical Nutritional supplement |
LX1033 | Tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor; decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis | Diarrhoea- predominant IBD | Phase II |
Lysophosphatidic acid | Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 antagonist | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical Nutritional supplement |
MalH-lectin | Inhibitor of the external pore of CFTR | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical |
NHE3 C-terminal peptide | NHE3 regulatory complex agonist | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical |
Obeticholic acid | Semi-synthetic bile acid | Bile acid malabsorption diarrhoea | Phase II |
PPQ/BPO | Absorbable CFTR inhibitors | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical |
R-568 | Calcium-sensing receptor agonist | Acute secretory diarrhoea | Preclinical |
Abbreviations: BPO, benzopyrimido-pyrrolo-oxazinedione; CaCC, calcium-activated chloride channel; CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; NHE, sodium/hydrogen exchanger; PPQ, pyrimido-pyrrolo-quinoxalinedione.