TABLE 1.
Anthropometric, hormonal, and performance data of the study participants.
| Controls ± n = 15 | Boxers ± n = 15 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | T0 | T2 | T0 | T1 | T2 |
| Age ± yrs | 14.7 ± 0.5 | 14.8 ± 0.6 | |||
| Height (m) | 1.65 ± 0.04 | 1.64 ± 0.06 | |||
| Puberty stage | 4.5 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ± 0.5 | |||
| Weight (kg) | 62.4 ± 4.9 | 62.1 ± 5.2 | 46.3±5.9 | 44.6 ± 5.5 ££ | 44.8 ± 5.4 ** |
| BMI (kg·m−2) | 22.7 ± 0.9 | 22.7 ± 1.1 | 17.2 ± 1.4 | 16.5 ± 1,3 ££ | 16.6 ± 1.3 ** |
| Fat mass (%) | 28.8 ± 3.4 | 28.7 ± 4.2 | 16.45 ± 1.42 | 12.84 ± 1.13 ££ | 12.31 ± 1,51 ££ |
| Fat free mass (kg) | 44.5 ± 4.6 | 44.6 ± 5.1 | 38.49 ± 4.07 | 38.74 ± 4.10 ** | 39.17 ± 4.08 ** |
| Energy intake (kcal·d−1) | 2731 ± 87 | 2697 ± 100 | 2987 ± 56 | 3007 ± 66 | 2979 ± 88 |
| Carbo-Hydrates (%) | 45.5 ± 1.3 | 46.4 ± 1.0 | 52.0 ± 5.5 | 51.5 ± 4.8 | 51.8 ± 4.3 |
| Lipids (%) | 36.5 ± 0.1 | 35.5 ± 0.5 | 30.3 ± 4.0 | 30.1 ± 4.7 | 30.1 ± 5.2 |
| Proteins (%) | 18.0 ± 0.3 | 18.1 ± 0.4 | 17.7 ± 1.8 | 18.4 ± 1.1 | 18.2 ± 1.3 |
| Cortisol (ng·ml−1) | 50.7 ± 10.2 | 50.9 ± 10.6 | 50.4 ± 14.3 | 56.1 ± 16.8 ** | 50.5 ± 14.0 ££ |
| IGF-1 (ng·ml−1) | 404.1 ± 59.9 | 402.7 ± 63.2 | 437.6 ± 115.6 | 443.0 ± 116.0 | 488.4 ± 113.9 ** |
| IGF-1/Cortisol | 8.1 ± 0.9 | 7.9 ± 1.2 | 9.4 ± 4.0 | 8.6 ± 3.4 | 10.6 ± 4.6 ** |
| IGFBP-3 (ng·ml−1) | 3646.7 ± 781.2 | 3652.2 ± 659.7 | 3751.7 ± 760.5 | 3997.4 ± 783.9 | 4304.7 ± 833.4 ** |
| Hand grip Force (kg) | 29.75 ± 4.81 | 28.83 ± 4.88 ££ | 31.20 ± 4.81 ** | ||
| Yo-Yo IRT1 performance (m) | 1333.3 ± 57.9 | 1281.3 ± 59.7 ££ | 1389.3 ± 57.5 ** | ||
Note: IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor-1; IGFBP-3: insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3; Yo-Yo IRT1: Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1; T0: before training; T1: after 5 weeks of intensive training; T2, after one week of tapering consecutive to intensive training *: superior to the precedent value; * p < 0.05
**
p < 0.01; £: inferior to the precedent value
££
p < 0.01. Values are given as the mean ± SD.