Table 5.
Prevalence rates of musculoskeletal complaints among professional musicians; gender-specific results
| Type of prevalence | Specification body part | Men (%) | Women (%) | OR (SD) women compared to men | Other information on sex differences in the manuscript | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leaver et al. (2011) | 12-month prevalence, not playing related | Low back | 47 | 56 | 1.4 (0.9–2.4) | |
| Neck | 48 | 65 | 2.0 (1.2–3.3) | |||
| Shoulders | 42 | 62 | 2.2 (1.3–3.8) | |||
| Elbows | 24 | 17 | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | |||
| Wrists | 29 | 37 | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) | |||
| Paarup et al. (2011) | 12-month prevalence, not playing related | Total | 83 | 97 | ||
| Neck | 2.9 (1.9–4.6) | |||||
| Upper back | 2.8 (2.1–3.8) | |||||
| Lower back | 1.3 (0.8–2.4) | |||||
| Left shoulder | 2.4 (1.6–3.7) | |||||
| Right shoulder | 3.2 (1.8–5.6) | |||||
| Left elbow | 3.5 (1.2–10.1) | |||||
| Right elbow | 1.7 (0.8–3.6) | |||||
| Left hand and wrist | 3.3 (1.6–7.2) | |||||
| Right hand and wrist | 2.1 (1.5–3.0) | |||||
| Kaufman-Cohen and Ratzon (2011) | 12-month prevalence, playing related | Upper extremities | ‘No significant differences’ | |||
| Zaza and Farewell (1997) | Point prevalence, playing related | Not specified | 2.8 (1.1–7.5) | |||
| Abreu-Ramos and Micheo (2007) | Lifetime prevalence, playing related | Neck, back, upper extremities, mouth | 80 | 88 | ||
| Kaneko et al. (2005) | Point prevalence, not playing related | Head, neck, back, upper extremities | p < 0.001 | |||
| Engquist et al. (2004) | Point prevalence, not playing related | Neck, back, shoulders | 26 | 37 | ||
| Davies and Mangion (2002) | Not specified | ‘Female string players were more affected in the previous 12 months than male strings players. Related to his last result is the finding that for the previous year, men were significantly more affected by pain/symptoms than women, unless the women were string players’ | ||||
| Roach et al. (1994) | 4-week prevalence, not playing related | Neck, upper back, upper extremities | 61 | 73 | 1.7 (0.7–4.2) | |
| O’Neill et al. (2001) | 2-year prevalence, playing related | Not specified | 56 | 60 | ||
| Kok et al. (2013a, b) | Total body | No information presented | ||||
| Fishbein et al. (1988); Middlestadt and Fishbein (1988); Middlestadt and Fishbein (1989) | Point prevalence, playing related | Total body | 52 | 70 | (p < 0.05) | |
| Steinmetz et al. (2015) | Lifetime prevalence, playing related | Total body | 88 | 92 |