Table 7.
Prevalence rates of musculoskeletal complaints among professional musicians; anatomic region results
| Type of prevalence | Neck | Upper back | Lower back | Shoulders | Elbows | Wrists | Hands | Other | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leaver et al. (2011) | 12-month prevalence, not playing related | 56 % | 51 % | 51 % | 21 % | Wrist + hands: 33 % | |||
| 4-week prevalence, not playing related | 36 % | 33 % | 37 % | 12 % | Wrists + hands: 24 % | ||||
| Kaufman-Cohen and Ratzon (2011) | 12-month prevalence, playing related | 39 % | 42 % | 49 % | 55 % | ||||
| Abreu-Ramos and Micheo (2007) | Only figure presented, no exact prevalence rates | ||||||||
| Kaneko et al. (2005) | Point prevalence, not playing related | 7 % | 7 % | 11 % | L: 7 % R: 6 % |
L: 4 % R: 6 % |
L: 6 % R: 5 % |
L: 8 % R:5 % |
|
| Engquist et al. (2004) | Point prevalence, not playing related | 21 % | 13 % | 14 % | 26 % | 6 % | 10 % | ||
| 12-month prevalence, playing related | 21 % | 16 % | 6 % | 22 % | 10 % | 10 % | |||
| Chronic prevalencea | 18 % | 12 % | 8 % | 19 % | 3 % | 8 % | |||
| Davies and Mangion (2002) | No information presented | ||||||||
| Roach et al. (1994) | 4-week prevalence, not playing related | 40 % | 28 % | 26 % | 28 % | 6 % | 14 % | 20 % | Hips: 0 % Knees: 17 % Ankles/feet: 8 % |
| O’Neill et al. (2001) | (Among violinists) ‘of note, is the preponderance of problems in the neck and upper back, and the greater number of injuries on the left side of the neck where the violin is held’ | ||||||||
| Kok et al. (2013a, b) | 12-month prevalence, not playing related | 46 % | 19 % | 40 % | L: 28 % R: 30 % |
L: 7 % R: 2 % |
L: 16 % R: 17 % |
L: 8 % R: 17 % |
Knee L: 6 %; Knee R: 6 % Hip L: 4 %; Hip R: 4 % Ankle L: 4 %; Ankle R: 2 % Foot L: 6 %; Foot R: 2 % Jaw: 16 % |
| Fishbein et al. (1988); Middlestadt and Fishbein (1988); Middlestadt and Fishbein (1989) | Point prevalence, not playing related | L: 22 % R: 21 % |
L: 16 % R: 16 % |
L: 22 % R: 22 % |
L: 20 % R: 20 % |
L: 8 % R: 10 % |
L: 9 % R: 10 % |
L: 14 % R: 9 % |
Finger L: 16 %; Finger R: 9 and Forearm L: 8 %; Forearm R: 7 % Middle back L: 11 %; Middle back R: 11 % Hip L: 3 %; Hip R: 3 % Knee L: 4 %; Knee R: 4 % Calf L: 1 %; Calf R: 1 % Ankle L: 2 %; Ankle R: 2 % Foot L: 2 %; Foot R: 2 % Toe L: 1 %; Toe R: 1 % |
| Point prevalence playing related (=severe) | L: 12 % R: 13 % |
L: 8 % R: 9 % |
L: 11 % R: 13 % |
L: 11 % R: 13 % |
L: 4 % R: 6 % |
L: 5 % R: 5 % |
L: 10 % R: 5 % |
Finger L: 9 %; Finger R: 5 and Forearm L: 5 %; Forearm R: 4 % Middle back L: 5 %; Middle back R: 5 % Hip L: 1 %; Hip R: 1 % Knee L: 1 %; Knee R: 1 % Calf L: 0 %; Calf R: 0 % Ankle L: 0 %; Ankle R: 0 % Foot L: 0 %; Foot R: 0 % Toe L: 0 %; Toe R: 0 % |
|
| Ackermann et al. (2012), Kenny and Ackermann (2015) | Point prevalence, playing related | 14 % | 12 % | 8 % | Shoulder and upper arm L: 6 % Shoulder and upper arm R: 11 % |
Elbow and forearm L:3 % Elbow and forearm R: 4 % |
Wrist and hand L: 4 % Wrist and hand R: 3 % |
||
| Steinmetz et al. (2015) | Lifetime prevalence, playing related | 73 % | 24 % | 51 % | L: 55 % R: 52 % |
L: 17 % R: 20 % |
L: 55 % R: 24 % |
Fingers L: 17 % Fingers R: 20 % |
30 %b
26 %c |
| Point prevalence, playing related | 18 % | 7 % | 9 % | L: 12 % R: 10 % |
L: 4 % R: 4 % |
L: 4 % R: 4 % |
Fingers L: 5 % Fingers R: 2 % |
4 %b
3 %c |
|
| 3-month prevalence, playing related | 30 % | 11 % | 22 % | L: 21 % R: 22 % |
L: 6 % R: 6 % |
L: 7 % R: 6 % |
Fingers L: 8 % Fingers R: 5 % |
9 %b
7 %c |
aPain often, or all the time, in contrast to never, once or twice, sometimes during the last 12 months
bTeeth/jaw
cTempomandibular joint