Figure 7. Effect of stacking of GO sheets on performance of filtration membranes.

Polarized light imaging results of (a–c) SAM and (d–f) vacuum filtration membrane. (a,d) Falsely coloured polarized light images, where the hue represents the azimuth as depicted by the legend (scale bars are 50 μm). Regions with the same hue represent the same azimuth angle, so the SAMs have higher in-plane stacking order while vacuum filtration membranes have lower stacking order. This is supported by their slow axis vector representations (b,e), which are expanded view of the boxed areas (scale bar, 10 μm), polar histograms of the azimuth angles and the in-plane order parameters (c,f). (c,f) Predicted organization of graphene sheets in membranes.