Table 3.
Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dementia in association with baseline annual NOx concentration from Cox proportional hazards models (sample 2 excluded).
| NOxa (μg/m3) | n (person-years) | Cases | HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1b | |||
| 4.8–9 | 262 (3,065) | 32 | 1.0 |
| > 9–17 | 317 (3,793) | 45 | 1.24 (0.79, 1.96) |
| > 17–26 | 320 (3,625) | 57 | 1.49 (0.97, 2.30) |
| > 26 | 315 (3,172) | 67 | 1.72 (1.13, 2.62) |
| Per 10 μg/m3 | 1.05 (0.98, 1.13) | ||
| Model 2c | |||
| 4.8–9 | 227 (2,757) | 27 | 1.0 |
| > 9–17 | 275 (3,423) | 40 | 1.39 (0.85, 2.28) |
| > 17–26 | 285 (3,294) | 52 | 1.58 (0.98, 2.53) |
| > 26 | 278 (2,821) | 62 | 1.71 (1.08, 2.73) |
| Per 10 μg/m3 | 1.08 (1.00, 1.16) | ||
| aThe annual non–back-extrapolated NOx baseline concentration at the residence of each participant was used as a proxy for exposure to air pollution. bModel 1: age-adjusted. cModel 2: adjusted for education, physical activity, smoking, sex, BMI (body mass index), WHR (waist–hip ratio), alcohol, age, and ApoE4. | |||