Table 1.
Characteristics of the population according to road traffic noise (n = 52,456).
| Characteristic | Road traffic noise (Lden) < 54 dB (n = 17,501) | Road traffic noise (Lden) 54–60 (n = 17,475) | Road traffic noise (Lden) > 60 dB (n = 17,480) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.0 (50.7–64.1) | 56.2 (50.7–64.2) | 56.3 (50.8–64.3) |
| Sex (% men) | 49.5 | 47.2 | 45.9 |
| Highest attained education (%) | |||
| Basic | 24.4 | 27.6 | 31.6 |
| Vocational | 44.9 | 45.9 | 45.5 |
| Higher | 30.7 | 26.6 | 22.9 |
| SEP, municipal (%)a | |||
| Low | 8.83 | 13.1 | 20.8 |
| Medium | 70.3 | 61.2 | 62.0 |
| High | 20.9 | 25.7 | 17.2 |
| Disposable income (%)b | |||
| Low | 6.25 | 9.3 | 14.2 |
| Medium | 17.4 | 21.2 | 25.7 |
| High | 76.4 | 69.5 | 60.1 |
| Smoking (%) | |||
| Never | 38.2 | 36.9 | 31.7 |
| Former | 29.6 | 28.2 | 26.8 |
| Present | 32.2 | 34.9 | 41.4 |
| Smoking (g/day)c | 15.0 (3.00–35.0) | 15.0 (4.00–35.0) | 16.0 (4.00–36.0) |
| Alcohol (g/day) | 12.9 (0.92–61.1) | 12.9 (0.71–62.9) | 12.7 (0.51–69.0) |
| Red meat (g/day) | 80.5 (34.4–165) | 77.8 (31.8–164) | 76.9 (29.6–166) |
| Processed meat (g/day) | 25.3 (5.91–74.4) | 24.2 (5.06–72.6) | 24.4 (4.92–77.7) |
| Poultry (g/day) | 18.3 (4.04–56.2) | 18.2 (3.62–60.2) | 17.2 (3.2–59.2) |
| Soft drinks (g/day) | 7.96 (0.27–158) | 7.96 (0.27–200) | 7.17 (0.27–200) |
| Bread (g/day) | 142 (55.3–270) | 138 (52.1–267) | 138 (49.8–264) |
| Recreational sport (hr/week) (%) | |||
| 0 | 42.8 | 44.4 | 50.0 |
| > 0–2 | 30.1 | 29.8 | 26.7 |
| > 2 | 27.1 | 25.8 | 23.3 |
| Comorbidity (% with a comorbidity)d | 7.81 | 7.86 | 9.04 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 89.0 (69.0–109) | 89.0 (69.0–110) | 88.0 (69.0–111) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.4 (20.5–32.8) | 25.6 (20.5–33.5) | 25.7 (20.4–33.9) |
| LBMI (kg/m2) | 17.7 (15.0–21.0) | 17.7 (15.1–21.2) | 17.7 (15.1–21.4) |
| BFMI (kg/m2) | 7.61 (4.20–13.5) | 7.70 (4.19–13.9) | 7.81 (4.13–14.2) |
| Road traffic noise (dB) | 51.3 (46.7–53.8) | 56.9 (54.3–60.0) | 64.8 (60.8–73.0) |
| Railway noise (dB)e | 50.8 (36.3–66.8) | 50.6 (37.9–66.6) | 51.5 (35.7–67.3) |
| Air pollution: NOx (μg/m3) | 16.8 (14.2–25.2) | 20.8 (14.7–35.3) | 36.6 (16.9–139) |
| Continuous variables are described using medians (5th–95th percentiles). No data were missing for any of the variables. aVariable based on municipality level information. bTertiles based on the Danish background population. cAmong current and former smokers. dBased on the Charlson Comorbidity Index (disease, no disease). eAmong railway noise–exposed participants. | |||