Table 1. Clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients by group.
| Variable | All Patients (N = 44) | Metformin (N = 19) | Non-Metformin (N = 25) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, N (%) | 1.0000 | |||
| Female | 14 (31.8) | 6 (31.6) | 8 (32) | |
| Male | 30 (68.2) | 13 (68.4) | 17 (68) | |
| Age at diagnosis, N (%) | 1.0000 | |||
| <60 years | 7 (15.9) | 3 (15.8) | 4 (16) | |
| 60+ years | 37 (84.1) | 16 (84.2) | 21 (84) | |
| Race, N (%) | ||||
| Non White | 3 (6.8) | 1(5.3) | 2 (8) | |
| White | 41 (93.2) | 18 (94.7) | 23 (92%) | |
| BMI, N (%) | 0.4152 | |||
| ≤25 | 10 (25.6) | 5 (33.3) | 5 (20.8) | |
| 25–30 | 16 (41%) | 7 (46.7) | 9 (37.5) | |
| >30 | 13 (33.3%) | 3 (20) | 10 (41.7) | |
| Margin status, N (%) | 1.0000 | |||
| Negative | 37 (88.1) | 15 (88.2) | 22 (88%) | |
| Positive | 5 (11.9) | 2 (11.8) | 3 (12%) | |
| ECOG, N (%) | 0.2807 | |||
| 0 | 34 (77.3) | 13 (68.4) | 21 (84) | |
| 1 | 10 (22.7) | 6 (31.6) | 4 (16) | |
| Stage, N (%) | ||||
| I | 8 (18.2) | 5 (26.3) | 3 (12) | 0.2688 |
| II | 36 (81.8) | 14 (73.7) | 22 (88) | |
| Grade/differentiation, N (%) | 0.8450 | |||
| Poor | 12 (27.3) | 5 (26.3) | 7 (28) | |
| Moderate | 19 (43.2) | 7 (36.8) | 12 (48) | |
| Well | 8 (18.2) | 4 (21.1) | 4 (16) | |
| Not reported | 4 (11.4) | 3 (15.8) | 2 (8) | |
| CA 19–9, N (%) | 0.2370 | |||
| 0–35 | 8 (23.5) | 1 (7.7) | 7 (33.3) | |
| >35–1000 | 15 (44.1) | 7 (53.8) | 8 (38.1) | |
| >1000 | 11 (32.4) | 5 (38.5) | 6 (28.6) | |
| Albumin, N (%) | 0.0617 | |||
| ≤3.5 | 6 (15) | 0 (0) | 6 (25) | |
| >3.5 | 34 (85) | 16 (100) | 18 (75) | |
| Nodes examined, N (%) | 0.7631 | |||
| <11 | 17 (38.6) | 8 (42.1) | 9 (36%) | |
| >11 | 27 (61.4%) | 11 (57.9) | 16 (64%) | |
| Positive nodes, N (%) | 0.3653 | |||
| 0 | 21 (47.7) | 11 (57.9) | 10 (40) | |
| 1+ | 23 (52.3) | 8 (42.1) | 15 (60) | |
| Surgery, N (%) | ||||
| Whipple | 8 (18.2) | 3 (15.8) | 5 (20) | |
| Non Whipple | 36 (81.8) | 16 (84.2) | 20 (80) | |
| Diabetes duration, N (%) | 0.4676 | |||
| 0–2 years | 13(46.4) | 4 (36.4) | 9 (52.9) | |
| >2 years | 15 (53.6) | 7 (63.6) | 8 (47.1) |
BMI, body mass index.