Table 1.
Summary of SCI studies in patients with AF
| Diagnostic tool | Year | Study | Participants | Study design | SCIs | P-value AF vs non-AF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autopsy | 1995 | Shinkawa et al33 | 966 (AF% unknown) | Nonstroke vs silent stroke vs stroke | 125 (12.9%) | P<0.05 (nonstroke vs silent stroke |
| CT | 1987 | Petersen et al61 | 58 (50% AF) | Patients with AF >1 year vs patients with no AF history | 14 (48%) in AF vs 8 (28%) in non-AF | P>0.1 |
| 1988 | Kempster et al15 | 222 (24% AF) | Patients with AF >1 year vs patients without AF | 7 (13%) in AF vs 7 (4%) in non-AF | P<0.05 | |
| 1993 | Raiha et al14 | 204 (15% AF) | Records with CT scans from one hospital | 73% in AF vs 48% in non-AF | P=0.00959 | |
| 1995 | Ezekowitz et al59 | 516 (100% AF) | Patients with nonrheumatic AF | 14.7% at baseline Between 1.01% and 1.57% during FU | – | |
| 1996 | EAFT Study Group60 | 985 (100% AF) | Patients with nonrheumatic AF and history of TIA or nondisabling ischemic stroke | 14% | – | |
| MRI | 2008 | Das et al23 | 2,040 (2.2% AF) | Longitudinal community-based study | 220 with SCI (5% AF) 1,820 without SCI (1.9% AF) (HR 2.16) |
P=0.033 |
| 2011 | Neumann et al82 | 89 (100% AF) | Single-center study | 12.3% | – | |
| 2012 | Kobayashi et al63 | 142 (50% AF) | Patients with nonvalvular AF vs controls without AF | 74.6% in AF 57.7% in non-AF |
P=0.03 | |
| 2013 | Gaita et al13 | 270 (180 with AF, 50% paroxysmal, 50% persistent AF) | Patients with paroxysmal AF vs persistent AF vs controls | 89% in paroxysmal AF vs 92% in persistent AF vs 46% in controls |
P=0.59* P<0.01** |
|
| 2013 | Stefansdottir et al16 | 4,251 (330 with AF [8%]) | Longitudinal study | 48.8% in AF vs 28.6% in non-AF | P<0.001 | |
| 2013 | Marfella et al65 | 464 (38% AF) | Longitudinal observational study, FU over 37 months for stroke events | Baseline SCI 61% in AF vs 29% in non-AF stroke events during FU 17.3% in AF vs 5.9% in non-AF |
P<0.01*** P<0.01+ |
|
| 2014 | Chen et al64 | 935 (48 with AF) | Prospective cohort study | 33.3% in AF vs 17.3% in non-AF | ? |
Notes:
*
P-value paroxysmal vs persistent AF.
**
P-values paroxysmal AF vs controls and persistent AF vs controls.
***
Baseline P-value AF vs non-AF. +FU P-value AF vs non-AF.
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CT, computed tomography; FU, follow-up; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; SCI, silent cerebral infarction; vs, versus; TIA, transient ischemic attack; HR, hazard ratio.