Table 2.
Associations of Self-reported Race (SRR) and Genetically Determined Ancestry (GDA) with CD4 and HIV RNA
| HIV RNA | CD4+ Count | CD4+ Percent | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Predictor | Comparison | Slope (LCI, UCI) |
P- value |
Slope (LCI, UCI) |
P- value |
Slope (LCI, UCI) |
P- value |
| 1 | GDA* | Eur vs. Afk(ref) | 0.18 (0.01, 0.36) | 0.041 | −4 (−163, 155) | 0.96 | 0.4 (−2.1, 3.0) | 0.74 |
| (All Racial Groups Included) | Amer vs. Afk(ref) | −0.29 (−0.79, 0.20) | 0.25 | −45 (−419, 330) | 0.82 | −0.6 (−6.7, 5.5) | 0.85 | |
| N=994 | Amer vs. Eur(ref) | −0.47 (−1.00, 0.06) | 0.080 | −40 (−448, 367) | 0.85 | −1.0 (−7.8, 5.8) | 0.77 | |
| 2 | SRR | Black (Ref) | ||||||
| (All Racial Groups Included) | White | 0.13 (−0.01, 0.28) | 0.065 | 92 (−53, 235) | 0.22 | 1.9 (−0.2, 4.1) | 0.079 | |
| Hispanic | −0.05 (−0.18, 0.08) | 0.45 | 16 (−90, 121) | 0.77 | −0.2 (−1.8, 1.5) | 0.85 | ||
| N=994 | Other | −0.28 (−0.89, 0.32) | 0.36 | 30 (−272, 333) | 0.84 | 0.2 (−3.1, 3.5) | 0.9 | |
| 3 | GDA* | Eur vs. Afk(ref) | 0.33 (0.03, 0.62) | 0.028 | −253 (−517, 11) | 0.060 | −2.5 (−6.7, 1.7) | 0.24 |
| (All Racial Groups Included) | Amer vs. Afk(ref) | 0.00 (−0.57, 0.58) | 1.00 | −195 (−653, 262) | 0.40 | −0.9 (−8.1, 6.3) | 0.81 | |
| N=994 | Amer vs. Eur(ref) | −0.32 (−0.90, 0.25) | 0.27 | 58 (−379, 495) | 0.80 | 1.6 (−5.8, 9.1) | 0.67 | |
| SRR | Black (Ref) | |||||||
| White | −0.07 (−0.29, 0.15) | 0.56 | 243 (31, 454) | 0.025 | 3.5 (0.2, 6.7) | 0.039 | ||
| Hispanic | −0.17 (−0.36, 0.02) | 0.081 | 132 (−39, 303) | 0.13 | 0.9 (−1.7, 3.4) | 0.51 | ||
| Other | −0.37 (−0.98, 0.24) | 0.24 | 111 (−211, 433) | 0.50 | 1.0 (−2.6, 4.6) | 0.60 | ||
| 4 | GDA* | Eur vs. Afk(ref) | 0.62 (0.18, 1.05) | 0.006 | −437 (−823, −52) | 0.026 | −5.1 (−11.2, 0.9) | 0.098 |
| (SRR Black only) | Amer vs. Afk(ref) | −0.13 (−1.06, 0.81) | 0.79 | 226 (−718, 1170) | 0.64 | −3.9 (−19.5, 11.7) | 0.63 | |
| N=605 | Amer vs. Eur(ref) | −0.74 (−1.78, 0.30) | 0.16 | 663 (−336, 1663) | 0.19 | 1.2 (−15.9, 18.4) | 0.89 | |
| 5 | GDA* | Eur vs. Afk(ref) | 0.40 (−0.09, 0.88) | 0.11 | 152 (−477, 781) | 0.64 | 0.8 (−9.7, 11.3) | 0.88 |
| (SRR White Only) | Amer vs. Afk(ref) | 0.43 (−1.41, 2.26) | 0.65 | 1048 (−758, 2854) | 0.26 | −9.0 (−38.8, 20.8) | 0.55 | |
| N=127 | Amer vs. Eur(ref) | 0.03 (−1.82, 1.88) | 0.97 | 897 (−779, 2572) | 0.29 | −9.8 (−38.2, 18.6) | 0.50 | |
| 6 | GDA* | Eur vs. Afk(ref) | 0.16 (−0.40, 0.73) | 0.57 | −308 (−800, 185) | 0.22 | −1.7 (−10.0, 6.6) | 0.69 |
| (SRR Hispanic only) | Amer vs. Afk(ref) | −0.21 (−1.04, 0.61) | 0.61 | −551 (−1169, 67) | 0.081 | 0.3 (−9.1, 9.8) | 0.94 | |
| N=246 | Amer vs. Eur(ref) | −0.38 (−1.13, 0.38) | 0.33 | −243 (−726, 240) | 0.32 | 2.0 (−6.8, 10.9) | 0.65 | |
All analyses are adjusted for age, weight for age z-score, study (P152/P300).
*
Linear regression models use a continuous GDA covariate as a proportion, and the estimates are therefore interpreted as a comparison for subjects with 100% GDA for a particular region relative to a reference group (ref) with 100% GDA. Negative values indicate lower average values than the reference. Eur=Europe; Afk=Africa; Amer=Americas, GDA=Genetically determined ancestry, SRR=Self-reported Race/Ethnicity; (LCI, UCI)=95% percent confidence interval.