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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry. 2015 Sep 11;81(5):434–441. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.036

Figure 1. Cluster analysis of PBMC cytokine response to LPS.

Figure 1

Children with ASD were clustered into two groups based on a k-medians cluster analysis using the inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1, and TNFα as measured in PBMC cell culture supernatants after LPS stimulation. The distribution of subjects based on this clustering are shown using a (A) biplot to indicate the vectors each particular cytokine has in discriminating the groups. Vectors points in the direction which is most like the variable represented by the vector. Axis represent principal complements 1 and 2. Post clustering analysis of cytokines production between the groups shows the ASDhigh groups produces significantly more (B) IL-1β (p=0.04), (C) IL-6 (p=0.01), (D) IL-10 (p<0.01), and (E) MCP-1 (p<0.01) than the ASDlow group. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01.