Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of total ECMO study population (n = 240)
| Characteristics | Total study population (n = 240) |
|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics at hospital admission | |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 65 (55–72) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 172 (72) |
| EuroSCORE (additive), points (IQR) | 10 (8–13) |
| Procedure duration, h:min (IQR) | 8:00 (6:08–9:37) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 169 (70) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 66 (28) |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 125 (52) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 124 (52) |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | |
| 30–44 %, n (%) | 35 (15) |
| < 30 %, n (%) | 94 (39) |
| Creatinine, mg/dl (IQR) | 1.3 (1.1–1.8) |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 (IQR) | 51.3 (38.9–68.5) |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dl (IQR) | 24.2 (18.2–36.1) |
| Cholesterol, mg/dl (IQR) | 143 (104–182) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dl (IQR) | 1.0 (0.3–4.3) |
| White blood cells, g/L (IQR) | 8.0 (6.1–11.1) |
| Thrombocytes, G/L (IQR) | 188 (134–241) |
| Liver parameters | |
| Bilirubin total, mg/dl (IQR) | 1.1 (0.6–1.6) |
| Alkaline phosphatase, U/L (IQR) | 81 (61–110) |
| Aspartate transaminase, U/L (IQR) | 33 (23–67) |
| Alanine transaminase, U/L (IQR) | 27 (18–47) |
| AST/ALT ratio, n (IQR) | 1.3 (0.9–2.1) |
| γ-Glutamyl transferase, U/L (IQR) | 54 (32–105) |
| Albumin, g/L (IQR) | 38.6 (30.8–42.4) |
| Normotest, % (IQR) | 75 (50–94) |
| Post-ECMO implantation (first 24 h) | |
| SAPS-3, n (%) | 43 (36–51) |
| SOFA score, n (IQR) | 12 (10–14) |
| ECMO flow, L/min (IQR) | 3.36 (2.50–4.25) |
| ECMO rotation, rpm (IQR) | 3000 (2485–3500) |
| ECMO gas flow, L/minute (IQR) | 2.5 (2.0 − 3.0) |
| ECMO FiO2, % (IQR) | 70 (60–100) |
| ECMO duration, days, median (IQR) | 4 (3–7) |
| Hemodynamic parameters (at ICU admission) | |
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg (IQR) | 72 (65–79) |
| Cardiac output, L/minute | 3.9 (2.8–5.1) |
| ScVO2, % (IQR) | 71 (64–77) |
| Central venous pressure, mmHg (IQR) | 14 (11–16) |
| Medication (first 24 h post-ECMO) | |
| Noradrenaline, n (%) | 234 (98) |
| Noradrenaline (maximum dose), μg/kg/minute | 0.28 (0.13–0.58) |
| Dobutamine, n (%) | 218 (91) |
| Dobutamine (maximum dose), μg/kg/minute | 4.78 (2.88–7.14) |
| Vasopressin, n (%) | 85 (35) |
| Vasopressin (maximum dose), U/h (IQR) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) |
ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, EuroSCORE European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation, FiO 2 fraction of inspired oxygen, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, ScVO 2 central venous oxygen saturation, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment