Figure 1.

Translational neuroscience requires four kinds of information. A Theory specifies the processes or mechanisms that underlie the relationship between an intervention and an outcome. Neurobiology defines the neural targets that correspond to the mechanisms of intervention action. A Strategy dictates the means to engage with the neurobiological system through psychosocial or other intervention. Moderators indicate relevant individual differences, such as the nature and timing of early adverse experiences that alter the theory, the neurobiological targets, and the strategy to intervene.