Figure 4.

The protective effect of 0.05 mg/mL (a), 0.1 mg/mL (b), 0.5 mg/mL (c), and 1.0 mg/mL (d) of R. carthamoides TR and NR extracts on H₂O₂ DNA damaged in CHO cells after 24 h. DNA damage was measured as a percentage of the tail DNA in the alkaline comet assay. ^∗ p < 0.001 as compared to TR and NR extract with H₂O₂. The number of cells scored was 100. Data is expressed as means ± SE of three independent experiments. Control: cells incubated with PBS; H₂O₂: cells incubated with H₂O₂; NR extract: cells preincubated for 24 h with NR extract; TR extract: cells preincubated for 24 h with TR extract; NR extract + H₂O₂: cells treated with H₂O₂ after 24 h preincubation with NR extract; TR + H₂O₂: cells treated with H₂O₂ after 24 h preincubation with TR extract.