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. 2016 Mar 14;6:23049. doi: 10.1038/srep23049

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(a) The cartoon explains how free diffusion of Noggin4 is retarded by its interaction with Wnt8 adsorbed on HSPG. (b) Schema for obtaining embryos that express EGFP-Noggin4 and TagRFP-Wnt8 in different cells. (c) Representative examples of FRAP in the intracellular space of animal ectoderm in embryos injected, as shown in B, with mRNAs of indicated fluorescently labelled proteins. Arrows mark the borders of the bleached region. (d) Mean values of the effective diffusion coefficients of EGFP-Noggin4 and EGFP-hep measured experimentally and shown in (a–c). Five to 7 series of experiments (10 to 20 individual measurements per experiment) were conducted for each of the four types of injections. Averaged FRAP curves are presented at Fig. S15.