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. 2015 Nov 5;53(3):152–162. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103393

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Sox11 knockdown leads to microcephaly in Xenopus laevis. (A) Bilateral injection of Sox11 MO results in significant smaller heads measured by the head area (white dotted circles) and the pupillary distance (red lines) compared with bilateral control MO injections. In addition, Sox11 morphants show an eye phenotype as previously described (red arrowhead; Cizelsky et al¹⁴). (B) Statistical evaluation of the measured head area. (C) Statistical evaluation of the measured pupillary distance. N, number of individual embryos analysed. ****, p≤0.0001. p Values were calculated by a non-parametric Mann–Whitney rank sum test.