Table 2.
Nested Cox models predicting incident CKD-3b based on MetS with adjustments for demographicsa, lifestyle, and biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance
| Model 1: adjusted for demographics | Model 2: adjusted for model 1 and lifestyle | Model 3: adjusted for model 2 and HOMA-IR | Model 4: adjusted for model 2 and hsCRP | Model 5: adjusted for model 2, HOMA-IR, and hsCRP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MetS | 3.24 (1.42–7.40), 0.005 | 3.93 (1.66–9.31), 0.002 | 2.73 (0.98–7.62), 0.056 | 5.31 (2.10–13.44), 0.000 | 3.65 (1.20–10.60), 0.022 |
| Never smoked | – | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Past smoker | – | 1.46 (0.59–3.60), 0.418 | 1.21 (0.48–3.04), 0.682 | 1.44 (0.55–3.79), 0.454 | 1.20 (0.45–3.19), 0.713 |
| Current smoker | – | 5.25 (1.04–26.56), 0.045 | 9.26 (1.78–48.13), 0.008 | 6.59 (1.25–34.70), 0.026 | 12.93 (2.37–70.58), 0.003 |
| Monthly alcohol | – | 1.37 (0.31–6.14), 0.681 | 1.27 (0.28–5.76), 0.756 | 0.81 (0.10–6.06), 0.809 | 0.68 (0.09–5.47), 0.719 |
| HOMA-IR | – | – | 1.91 (0.39–9.46), 0.426 | – | 2.49 (0.48–13.06), 0.280 |
| hsCRP | – | – | – | 0.66 (0.26–1.67), 0.375 | 0.50 (0.19–1.34), 0.116 |
Values are HR (95% CI), p value. Italics indicate statistical significance.
a
Demographics include age, sex, race, and education.