Table 2.

Intraoperative variables of patients in the control and lavage groups n (%)

	Control group (n = 254)	Lavage group (n = 678)	P value
Operation time (min)	124.2 ± 48.1	100.1 ± 51.9	0.036
Surgical approach			0.128
Open	233 (91.4)	641 (94.5)
Laparoscopy	21 (8.6)	37 (5.5)
Blood loss (mL)	235.3 ± 358.2	241.6 ± 256.9	0.918
Combined liver resection	137 (53.9)	355 (52.4)	0.713
Cirrhosis	71 (27.9)	229 (33.8)	0.098
Liver atrophy	97 (38.2)	282 (41.6)	0.369
Biliary stricture	23 (9.1)	92 (13.6)	0.113
Biliary distal dilatation	118 (46.4)	294 (43.4)	0.416
Cholangioenterostomy	8 (3.1)	15 (2.2)	0.491
Complete stone remove	207 (81.5)	523 (77.1)	0.249
Bile bacterial culture positive	15 (5.9)	38 (5.6)	0.874

Data for operation time and blood loss are presented as the mean ± SD.