FIG. 9.

Speed c of propagating waves along the membranous labyrinth for different Young’s moduli E and sound frequencies f. Continuous lines correspond to the exact solution of the dispersion equation by Gautier et al. (2007) for unstretched membranes. They decay asymptotically to zero speed at the respective ring frequency, f = f _π(E) (9). Dotted lines correspond to the Korteweg wave speed c _K (Korteweg 1878). The analytical solutions for waves in fluid-filled tubes do not account for a fluid surrounding the tube such as the perilymph (PL). Error bars denote standard deviations from the mean by post-processing N _t = T/∆t = 200 snapshots of the simulated membrane shape during one sound period T at periodical steady-state conditions.