Table 2.
Self-reported change in pain over time, other pain experiences and exacerbating/relieving factors for back pain in cases with VF and controls, obtained by univariable logistic regression
| Cases n (%) |
Controls n (%) |
OR for presence of VF OR (95 % CI), P value |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Change in pain over time | |||
| Duration of pain | 2.68 (1.40 to 5.16), P = 0.003 | ||
| Few days to weeks | 28 (46.7) | 30 (24.6) | |
| Months to years | 32 (53.3) | 92 (75.4) | |
| Pattern of pain over time: rhythmic, periodic, intermittent | 0.67 (0.36 to 1.27), P = 0.220 | ||
| Yes | 24 (40.7) | 61 (50.4) | |
| No | 35 (59.3) | 60 (49.6) | |
| Pattern of pain over time: brief, momentary, transient | 3.01 (0.99 to 9.11), P = 0.052 | ||
| Yes | 8 (13.6) | 6 (5.0) | |
| No | 51 (86.4) | 115 (95.0) | |
| Other pain experiences | |||
| Also experienced horrible/excruciating toothache | 0.42 (0.21 to 0.82), P = 0.011 | ||
| Yes | 24 (47.1) | 79 (68.1) | |
| No | 27 (52.9) | 37 (31.9) | |
| Also experienced horrible/excruciating stomach ache | 0.40 (0.21 to 0.77), P = 0.006 | ||
| Yes | 20 (35.1) | 69 (57.5) | |
| No | 37 (64.9) | 51 (42.5) | |
| Also experienced horrible/excruciating headache | 0.56 (0.29 to 1.07), P = 0.077 | ||
| Yes | 23 (41.1) | 66 (55.5) | |
| No | 33 (58.9) | 53 (44.5) | |
| With back pain, pain also radiates down their legs | 0.31 (0.15 to 0.66), P = 0.002 | ||
| Yes | 12 (22.2) | 52 (47.7) | |
| No | 42 (77.8) | 57 (52.3) | |
| Also have neck pain with back pain | 0.35 (0.18 to 0.70), P = 0.003 | ||
| Yes | 31 (55.4) | 91 (77.8) | |
| No | 25 (44.6) | 26 (22.2) | |
| Exacerbating or relieving factors: weather | |||
| Damp increases back pain | 0.42 (0.19 to 0.91), P = 0.027 | ||
| Yes | 13 (29.6) | 44 (50.0) | |
| No | 31 (70.4) | 44 (50.0) | |
| Cold increases back pain | 0.52 (0.26 to 1.04), P = 0.064 | ||
| Yes | 19 (38.8) | 54 (55.1) | |
| No | 30 (61.2) | 44 (44.9) | |
| Weather changes increase back pain | 0.52 (0.24 to 1.14), P = 0.103 | ||
| Yes | 12 (27.9) | 38 (42.7) | |
| No | 31 (72.1) | 51 (57.3) | |
| Exacerbating or relieving factors: movement | |||
| Lying down decreases back pain | 3.19 (1.35 to 7.58), P = 0.008 | ||
| Yes | 39 (83.0) | 58 (60.4) | |
| No | 8 (17.0) | 38 (39.6) | |
| Staying still increases back pain | 0.23 (0.08 to 0.64), P = 0.005 | ||
| Yes | 5 (11.9) | 32 (37.2) | |
| No | 37 (88.1) | 54 (62.8) | |
| Exacerbating or relieving factors: other | |||
| Alcohol decreases back pain | 2.76 (0.79 to 9.70), P = 0.112 | ||
| Yes | 6 (15.4) | 5 (6.2) | |
| No | 33 (84.6) | 76 (93.8) | |
OR odds ratio, VF vertebral fracture