Table 2. Summary of studies on the medication-taking status of overactive bladder patients.

Study	Study design	Drug	No.	Outcome measurement	Length of follow-up	Results
Abrams et al. [31]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	150	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	11.3%
Rogers et al. [32]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	201	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	18.9%
Cardozo et al. [33]	Randomized controlled study	Solifenacin	576	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	7.6%
Nitti et al. [34]	Randomized controlled study	Fesoterodine	562	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	20.3%
Drutz et al. [35]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 109	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine: 12.8%
		Oxybutynin	Oxybutynin: 112			Oxybutynin: 31.3%
Homma et al. [36]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 240	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine: 10.4%
		Oxybutynin	Oxybutynin: 246			Oxybutynin: 23.2%
Armstrong et al. [37]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 399	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine: 10.5%
		Oxybutynin	Oxybutynin: 391			Oxybutynin: 13.3%
Chapple et al. [38]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 263	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine: 9.9%
		Solifenacin	Solifenacin: 547			Solifenacin: 8.6%
Chapple et al. [39]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 599	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine: 7.3%
		Solifenacin	Solifenacin: 578			Solifenacin: 5.9%
Chapple et al. [40]	Randomized controlled study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 290	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine: 12.8%
		Fesoterodine	Fesoterodine: 559			Fesoterodine: 13.8%
Giannitsas et al. [41]	Randomized open-label study	Tolterodine	128	Discontinuation rate	6 Weeks	16.4%
		Oxybutynin
Sand et al. [42]	Randomized open-label study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 163	Discontinuation rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine: 10.4%
		Oxybutynin	Oxybutynin: 152			Oxybutynin: 14.5%
Salvatore et al. [43]	Randomized open-label study	Oxybutynin	66	Discontinuation rate	2 Years	66.7%
Abrams et al. [44]	Open-label extension study	Tolterodine	714	Discontinuation rate	52 Weeks	38.2%
Yu et al. [16]	Retrospective medical claims study	OAB medication	2,415	Discontinuation rate	52 Weeks	Discontinuation rate: 88.6%
				Compliance rate		Compliance rate : 0.7%
Shaya et al. [47]	Retrospective medical claims study	Tolterodine or oxybutynin	1,637	Persistence rate	52 Weeks	Tolterodine ER: 9%
						Oxybutynin ER: 6%; Oxybutynin IR: 5%
Gomes et al. [48]	Retrospective medical claims study	Tolterodine	Tolterodine: 24,855	Persistence rate	52 Weeks	Tolterodine: 27.3%
		Oxybutynin	Oxybutynin: 31,996			Oxybutynin: 18.9%
					2 Years	Tolterodine: 13.6%
						Oxybutynin: 9.4%
Wagg et al. [58]	Retrospective medical claims study	Mirabegron	1,683	Persistence rate	52 Weeks	Persistence rate: 31.7%
				Compliance rate		Compliance rate: 64.5%
Wagg et al. [49]	Retrospective study	Tolterodine	4,833	Persistence rate	12 Weeks	Tolterodine ER: 47%; Tolterodine IR: 46%
		Solifenacin				Solifenacin: 58%
		Oxybutynin				Oxybutynin ER: 44%; Oxybutynin IR: 40%
		Propiverine				Propiverine: 47%
		Trospium				Trospium: 42%
		Darifenacin				Darifenacin: 52%
		Flavoxate				Flavoxate: 28%
					24 Weeks	Tolterodine ER: 36% Tolterodine IR: 33%
						Solifenacin: 46%
						Oxybutynin ER: 35%; Oxybutynin IR: 29%
						Propiverine: 36%
						Trospium: 33%
						Darifenacin: 30%
						Flavoxate: 16%
					52 Weeks	Tolterodine ER: 28% Tolterodine IR: 24%
						Solifenacin: 35%
						Oxybutynin ER: 26%; Oxybutynin IR: 22%
						Propiverine: 27%
						Trospium: 26%
						Darifenacin: 17%
						Flavoxate: 14%
Pindoria et al. [57]	Retrospective study	Mirabegron	197	Persistence rate	12 Weeks	69%
					24 Weeks	48%
Diokno et al. [51]	Open-label study	Oxybutynin	1,067	Discontinuation rate	52 Weeks	53.8%
Homma et al. [52]	Open-label study	Imidafenacin	478	Discontinuation rate	52 Weeks	21.3%
Lee et al. [53]	Prospective, observational study	Solifenacin	176	Persistence rate	12 Weeks	56.8%
					24 Weeks	40.9%
					52 Weeks	25.0%
Kim et al. [27]	Prospective, observational study	Any antimuscarinics	952	Persistence rate Compliance rate	4 Weeks	Persistence rate: 85.6%
						Compliance rate: 75.6%
					12 Weeks	Persistence rate: 71.4%
						Compliance rate: 53.8%
					24 Weeks	Persistence rate: 56.8%
						Compliance rate: 34.3%
Kim et al. [54]	Prospective, observational study	Solifenacin	1018	Persistence rate	12 Weeks	Persistence rate: 72.4%
				Compliance rate
					24 Weeks	Persistence rate: 45.8%
					36 Weeks	Persistence rate: 31.1%
					52 Weeks	Persistence rate: 22.1%
						Compliance rate: 94.1%

OAB, overactive bladder; ER, extended-release; IR, immediate-release.