Table 1.
Analysis of variance and mutually adjusted linear regression estimating differences in symptom load between educational categories and across demographic background variables
| Anxiety | Depression | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linear regression estimates | Linear regression estimates | ||||||||||||
| N | Mean anxiety | sd | F-test | Multiple comparisons | b | 95 % CI | Mean depression | sd | F-test | Multiple comparisons | b | 95 % CI | |
| Educational attainment | |||||||||||||
| 1 Masters/PhD | 539 | 3.75 | 2.87 | *** | 4,5 | ref | 2.35 | 2.41 | *** | 3,4,5 | ref | ||
| 2 Bachelor level | 2746 | 3.84 | 3.17 | 4,5 | −0.07 | (−0.38 to 0.23) | 2.40 | 2.59 | 3,4,5 | 0.14 | (−0.12 to 0.39) | ||
| 3 HS normative | 2878 | 3.88 | 3.48 | 4,5 | 0.09 | (−0.22 to 0.40) | 2.75 | 2.68 | 1,2,4 | 0.41 | (0.15 to 0.67) | ||
| 4 HS delayed | 1862 | 4.54 | 3.09 | 1,2,3 | 0.72 | (0.40 to 1.05) | 3.17 | 2.85 | 1,2,3 | 0.76 | (0.48 to 1.03) | ||
| 5 Elementary school | 2124 | 4.62 | 3.57 | 1,2,3 | 0.75 | (0.42 to 1.07) | 3.17 | 2.99 | 1,2,3 | 0.81 | (0.54 to 1.08) | ||
| Gender | |||||||||||||
| Men | 4116 | 3.83 | 3.04 | *** | ref | 3.03 | 2.79 | *** | ref | ||||
| Women | 6058 | 4.35 | 3.44 | 0.57 | (0.44 to 0.70) | 2.64 | 2.73 | −0.32 | (−0.44 to −0.21) | ||||
| Parental educational status | |||||||||||||
| Higher education | 1492 | 3.81 | 3.01 | *** | ref | 2.64 | 2.68 | *** | ref | ||||
| HS or equivalent | 1099 | 4.04 | 3.20 | 0.11 | (−0.15 to 0.36) | 2.57 | 2.61 | −0.03 | (−0.25 to 0.18) | ||||
| Less than HS | 7444 | 4.20 | 3.35 | 0.17 | (−0.02 to 0.36) | 2.85 | 2.78 | 0.04 | (−0.12 to 0.20) | ||||
| Age in 2006 | |||||||||||||
| 30 to 35 | 2542 | 4.15 | 3.19 | ref | 2.57 | 2.6 | *** | ref | |||||
| 36 to 40 | 3169 | 4.08 | 3.26 | −0.13 | (−0.30 to 0.05) | 2.76 | 2.74 | 0.13 | (−0.01 to 0.28) | ||||
| 41 + | 4463 | 4.17 | 3.38 | −0.15 | (−0.31 to 0.02) | 2.96 | 2.86 | 0.24 | (0.10 to 0.38) | ||||
| Total | 10149 | ||||||||||||