Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with monoclonal gammopathy and controls at the initiation of RRT in France between 2002 and 2011
| Characteristic | ALA (n=267) | LCDD (n=334) | MCN (n=861) | P Value | Patients with MG (n=1462) | Controls on Dialysis (n=5036) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr), median ± IQR | 70.6±14.6 | 72.3±16 | 72.9±14.3 | <0.001 | 72.3±15 | 70.9±22.2 | <0.001 |
| Men (%) | 172 (64.4) | 176 (52.7) | 467 (54.2) | <0.01 | 815 (55.7) | 3100 (61.6) | <0.001 |
| Hemodialysis started on catheter (%) | 156 (58.4) | 226 (67.7) | 673 (78.2) | <0.001 | 1055 (72.2) | 2225 (44.2) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 19 (7.1) | 23 (6.9) | 50 (5.8) | 92 (6.3) | 609 (12.1) | ||
| Dialysis start in emergency (%) | 86 (32.2) | 133 (39.8) | 447 (51.9) | <0.001 | 666 (45.6) | 1310 (26) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 20 (7.5) | 24 (7.2) | 65 (7.5) | 109 (7.5) | 581 (11.5) | ||
| First treatment modality (%) | |||||||
| Hemodialysis | 254 (95.1) | 312 (93.4) | 823 (95.6) | 0.30 | 1389 (95) | 4324 (85.9) | <0.001 |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 13 (4.9) | 22 (6.6) | 38 (4.4) | 73 (5) | 565 (11.2) | ||
| Transplantation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 144 (2.9) | ||
| Diabetes (%) | 23 (8.6) | 34 (10.2) | 113 (13.1) | 0.09 | 170 (11.6) | 1937 (38.5) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 17 (6.4) | 21 (6.3) | 48 (5.6) | 86 (5.9) | 279 (5.5) | ||
| High BP (%) | 132 (49.4) | 176 (52.7) | 424 (49.2) | 0.43 | 732 (50.1) | 3647 (72.4) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 20 (7.5) | 26 (7.8) | 59 (6.9) | 105 (7.2) | 442 (8.8) | ||
| Ever smoker (%) | |||||||
| Never | 135 (50.6) | 173 (51.8) | 470 (54.6) | 0.25 | 778 (53.2) | 2503 (49.7) | <0.001 |
| Current | 20 (7.5) | 19 (5.7) | 39 (4.5) | 78 (5.3) | 436 (8.7) | ||
| Former | 48 (18) | 53 (15.9) | 127 (14.8) | 228 (15.6) | 1082 (21.5) | ||
| Missing | 64 (24) | 89 (26.6) | 225 (26.1) | 378 (25.9) | 1015 (20.2) | ||
| Heart failure (%) | 72 (27) | 48 (14.4) | 112 (13) | <0.001 | 232 (15.9) | 1256 (24.9) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 26 (9.7) | 31 (9.3) | 61 (7.1) | 118 (8.1) | 478 (9.5) | ||
| Peripheral vascular disease (%) | 24 (9) | 15 (4.5) | 46 (5.3) | 0.03 | 85 (5.8) | 961 (19.1) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 29 (10.9) | 30 (9) | 68 (7.9) | 127 (8.7) | 509 (10.1) | ||
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 40 (15) | 30 (9) | 88 (10.2) | 0.04 | 158 (10.8) | 1155 (22.9) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 22 (8.2) | 31 (9.3) | 62 (7.2) | 115 (7.9) | 495 (9.8) | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 16 (6) | 13 (3.9) | 53 (6.2) | 0.36 | 82 (5.6) | 503 (10) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 26 (9.7) | 37 (11.1) | 63 (7.3) | 126 (8.6) | 538 (10.7) | ||
| Chronic lung disease (%) | 30 (11.2) | 26 (7.8) | 61 (7.1) | 0.09 | 117 (8) | 584 (11.6) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 21 (7.9) | 31 (9.3) | 68 (7.9) | 120 (8.2) | 505 (10) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2), mean±SD | 23.2±3.9 | 23.9±4.5 | 24.1±4.4 | 0.07 | 23.9±4.4 | 25.8±5.6 | <0.001 |
| BMI<20 kg/m2 (%) | 38 (14) | 39 (12) | 92 (11) | 0.63 | 169 (12) | 469 (9.3) | <0.01 |
| Missing | 66 (25) | 97 (29) | 286 (33) | 449 (31) | 1497 (29.7) | ||
| Albumin (g/dl), mean±SD | 2.5±0.9 | 3.1±0.7 | 3.2±0.7 | <0.001 | 3.0±0.8 | 3.3±0.7 | <0.001 |
| Albumin <3.0 g/dl (%) | 115 (43.1) | 76 (22.8) | 179 (20.8) | <0.001 | 370 (25.3) | 703 (14) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 105 (39.3) | 157 (47) | 382 (44.4) | 644 (44) | 2402 (47.7) | ||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl), mean±SD | 10.5±2.1 | 9.7±1.8 | 9.3±1.7 | <0.001 | 9.6±1.9 | 10.3±1.8 | <0.001 |
| Missing (%) | 75 (28) | 97 (29) | 224 (26) | 396 (27) | 1352 (26.8) | ||
| Frailty (%) | 49 (18.4) | 64 (19.2) | 209 (24.3) | 0.02 | 322 (22) | 768 (15.3) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 50 (18.7) | 57 (17.1) | 174 (20.2) | 281 (19.2) | 1113 (22.1) |
ALA, immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis; LCDD, light–chain deposition disease; MCN, myeloma cast nephropathy; MG, monoclonal gammopathy; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index.