Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses modeling the presence of carotid or calcified carotid atherosclerotic plaques in the studied population
| Parameter | Carotid Plaques | Calcified Carotid Plaques | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | |||||
| OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Age, per 10 yr | 2.41 (2.12 to 2.74) | <0.001 | 2.60 (2.26 to 2.99) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.56 to 2.29) | <0.001 | 1.39 (1.11 to 1.75) | 0.004 |
| Sex, men versus women | 1.61 (1.25 to 2.07) | <0.001 | 1.29 (0.93 to 1.80) | 0.13 | 1.01 (0.69 to 1.49) | 0.95 | — | — |
| Current smoker, yes versus no | 1.73 (1.35 to 2.21) | <0.001 | 1.93 (1.38 to 2.68) | <0.001 | 1.07 (0.73 to 1.55) | 0.74 | — | — |
| Hypertension, yes versus no | 1.57 (1.01 to 2.46) | 0.04 | 1.24 (0.71 to 2.15) | 0.45 | 1.69 (0.73 to 3.89) | 0.22 | — | — |
| Diabetes, yes versus no | 1.95 (1.47 to 2.58) | <0.001 | 1.30 (0.66 to 2.54) | 0.44 | 1.27 (0.87 to 1.84) | 0.22 | — | — |
| Hyperlipidemia, yes versus no | 1.22 (0.94 to 1.57) | 0.13 | — | — | 1.07 (0.73 to 1.58) | 0.72 | — | — |
| Familial CVD, yes versus no | 0.70 (0.46 to 1.57) | 0.11 | — | — | 1.05 (0.53 to 2.09) | 0.89 | — | — |
| eGFR, per 10 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 0.98 (0.91 to 1.06) | 0.67 | — | — | 0.87 (0.79 to 0.97) | 0.02 | 0.88 (0.78 to 0.99) | 0.04 |
| hs-CRP, >3 mg/L | 1.24 (0.96 to 1.60) | 0.11 | — | — | 1.81 (1.26 to 2.62) | 0.001 | 1.69 (1.16 to 2.46) | <0.01 |
| sTWEAK, highest tertile, n=351 | 1.0 | — | 1.0 | — | 1.0 | — | 1.0 | — |
| sTWEAK, middle tertile, n=355 | 2.38 (1.76 to 3.22) | <0.001 | 2.39 (1.68 to 3.38) | <0.001 | 1.22 (0.74 to 2.05) | 0.43 | 1.23 (0.73 to 2.08) | 0.43 |
| sTWEAK, lowest tertile, n=352 | 3.22 (2.36 to 4.39) | <0.001 | 4.18 (2.89 to 6.08) | <0.001 | 1.86 (1.14 to 3.03) | 0.01 | 1.77 (1.06 to 2.93) | 0.02 |
| Antihypertensive drugs, yes versus no | 0.92 (0.62 to 1.37) | 0.70 | — | — | 0.75 (0.43 to 1.30) | 0.31 | — | — |
| Hypolipemic drugs, yes versus no | 1.22 (0.95 to 1.56) | 0.11 | — | — | 1.14 (0.79 to 1.65) | 0.49 | — | — |
| Oral antidiabetic drugs, yes versus no | 1.97 (1.26 to 3.08) | 0.003 | 0.99 (0.50 to 1.99) | 0.99 | 1.25 (0.73 to 2.14) | 0.41 | — | — |
| Insulin treatment, yes versus no | 1.66 (1.19 to 2.31) | 0.003 | 1.42 (0.71 to 2.81) | 0.32 | 1.19 (0.77 to 1.84) | 0.43 | — | — |
Multivariable logistic analysis included variables that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis. – denotes that no value is reported in the statistical analysis. OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; hs-CRP, high–sensitivity C-reactive protein; sTWEAK, soluble TNF–like weak inducer of apoptosis.