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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 15.
Published in final edited form as: Transl Med (Sunnyvale). 2013 Sep 16;3(1):1000114. doi: 10.4172/2161-1025.1000114

Figure 1. Cardioprotective role of caveolae in I/R injury.

Figure 1

Caveloae could sense and respond to myocardial I/R stress via (1) activating various GPCR-coupled kinases signaling pathway; (2) changing activities of ionic or substrate channels/transporters (“O”); (3) activation and translocation of specific caveolae-associated signaling molecules (“N”) such as eNOS; (4) sensing mechanical stress and plasma membrane repair (“M”).