Table 1. Tibia histopathology-histomorphometry in OVX Mice.

Groups	Bone mass and structure					Bone resorption
	BV/TV (%)	Tb.N (numbers)	Tb.Le (mm)	Tb.Th (μm)	Ct.Th (μm)	N.OC/BS(numbers)
Controls
Sham	37.74 ± 5.38	17.50 ± 1.60	1.09 ± 0.13	68.14 ± 10.06	195.35 ± 16.98	3.00 ± 1.20
OVX	18.17 ± 1.61a	7.88 ± 1.25a	0.39 ± 0.07a	33.05 ± 4.31a	117.35 ± 11.22a	15.13 ± 3.09a
Risedronate	35.71 ± 5.63c	19.25 ± 1.67bc	0.76 ± 0.12ac	43.52 ± 8.73ac	113.81 ± 14.45a	19.38 ± 3.20ac
Ewha-18278
20.0mg/kg	33.78 ± 3.47c	17.13 ± 1.81c	0.83 ± 0.17ac	55.98 ± 7.15ac	194.28 ± 15.50c	6.88 ± 2.36ac
10.0mg/kg	33.36 ± 4.35c	15.00 ± 2.00ac	0.78 ± 0.15ac	53.36 ± 5.94ac	182.11 ± 12.48c	8.13 ± 2.23ac
5.0mg/kg	29.39 ± 2.41bc	12.50 ± 1.31ac	0.72 ± 0.12ac	48.34 ± 6.87ac	137.51 ± 10.96ac
2.5mg/kg	19.04 ± 3.10a	8.63 ± 1.60a	0.41 ± 0.08a	34.89 ± 5.16a	122.04 ± 11.96a	14.13 ± 3.44a

Values are expressed mean ± S.D. of eight mice.

Risedronate sodium was administered at 2.5mg/kg levels.

^ap < 0.01 and ^bp < 0.05 as compared with sham control by LSD test.

^cp < 0.01 as compared with OVX control by LSD test.

Ewha-18278 = test material.

OVX = ovariectomy.

BV/TV = Trabecular bone volume (%).

Tb.N = Trabecular bone number (N/epiphyseal).

Tb.Le = Trabecular bone length (Longitudinal thickness; mm).

Tb.Th = Trabecular bone thickness (Cross thickness; μm).

Ct.Th = Cortical bone thickness (Cross thickness; μm).

N.OC/BS = Osteoclast cell number (N/epiphyseal).