Table 2. Femur histopathology-histomorphometry in OVX Mice.

Groups	Bone mass and structure					Bone resorption
	BV/TV (%)	Tb.N (numbers)	Tb.Le (mm)	Tb.Th (μm)	Ct.Th (μm)	N.OC/BS(numbers)
Controls
Sham	37.80 ± 5.02	20.75 ± 2.66	1.19 ± 0.10	88.79 ± 10.65	187.82 ± 17.85	4.00 ± 1.20
OVX	21.26 ± 2.55a	9.63 ± 1.41e	0.63 ± 0.09a	37.18 ± 10.28a	130.79 ± 15.82a	14.88 ± 1.89e
Risedronate	38.08 ± 7.20c	24.50 ± 4.00eg	1.04 ± 0.12ac	47.25 ± 4.73ad	128.36 ± 15.57a	19.00 ± 2.93eg
Ewha-18278
20.0mg/kg	34.07 ± 3.89c	16.63 ± 1.19eg	1.07 ± 0.15bc	71.98 ± 12.20ac	198.06 ± 12.51c	5.63 ± 1.41fg
10.0mg/kg	33.63 ± 3.51c	15.38 ± 1.60eg	0.95 ± 0.10ac	68.14 ± 11.23ac	165.52 ± 12.06ac	6.63 ± 1.30eg
5.0mg/kg	29.06 ± 2.72ac	11.25 ± 1.04eh	0.87 ± 0.05ac	52.98 ± 8.96ac	159.04 ± 13.45ac	10.63 ± 2.77eg
2.5mg/kg	23.62 ± 3.63a	9.75 ± 1.67e	0.68 ± 0.12a	40.98 ± 5.94a	136.48 ± 10.32a	13.75 ± 2.25e

Values are expressed mean ± S.D. of eight mice.

Risedronate sodium was administered at 2.5mg/kg levels.

^ap < 0.01 and ^bp < 0.05 as compared with sham control by LSD test.

^cp < 0.01 and ^dp < 0.05 as compared with OVX control by LSD test.

^ep < 0.01 and ^fp < 0.05 as compared with sham control by MW test.

^gp < 0.01 and ^hp < 0.05 as compared with OVX control by MW test.

Ewha-18278 = test material.

OVX = ovariectomy.

BV/TV = Trabecular bone volume (%).

Tb.N = Trabecular bone number (N/epiphyseal).

Tb.Le = Trabecular bone length (Longitudinal thickness; mm).

Tb.Th = Trabecular bone thickness (Cross thickness; μm).

Ct.Th = Cortical bone thickness (Cross thickness; μm).

N.OC/BS = Osteoclast cell number (N/epiphyseal).