Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med. 2015 Nov 30;129(4):416–422. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.11.014

Table 3.

Age- and Multivariable-Adjusted Relative Risks of Incident Hearing Loss Among Women with a History of Hypertension, According to Anti-Hypertensive Medication Use, Nurses’ Health Study I, 1994–2012.

Anti-Hypertensive Medication No. of Cases Person-Years Age-Adjusted RR 95% CI Multivariable- Adjusted RR* 95% CI
No Medication 2,361 84,079 1.00 Reference 1.00 Reference
Thiazides 917 24,991 1.21 1.12, 1.31 1.07 0.99, 1.16
Furosemide 121 3,160 1.03 0.86, 1.24 0.91 0.75, 1.09
Calcium Channel Antagonists 694 24,040 1.03 0.94, 1.12 1.01 0.93, 1.10
Beta Blockers 1170 38,996 1.11 1.04, 1.19 1.01 0.94, 1.09
ACE Inhibitors 881 30.288 1.12 1.04, 1.21 1.04 0.96, 1.13
Other Anti-Hypertensive Medication 740 28,213 1.03 0.95, 1.12 1.00 0.92, 1.09
Multiple Anti-Hypertensive Medications 3,590 101,804 1.15 1.09, 1.21 1.03 0.97, 1.08

RR denotes relative risk

*

Adjusted for age, race, body mass index, waist circumference, alcohol consumption, physical activity, nutrient (folate, magnesium, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, trans fat) intake, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, tinnitus, and acetaminophen, aspirin, and ibuprofen use, and all the antihypertensive medications in the table.