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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cognition. 2016 Feb 20;150:200–212. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.01.006

Table 2. Overall effect sizes.

Study Hedges'sg 95% CI p
Begeer et al., 2011 0.660 [.002, 1.318] 0.05
Begeer et al, 2015 0.264 [-.134, .662] 0.19
*Brockmeyer, 2010 (a) 1.211 [.395, 2.027] 0.00
*Brockmeyer, 2010 (b) 1.267 [.487, 2.046] 0.00
Carbonero et al 2013 1.017 [.120, 1.93] 0.03
*Cerruto, 1999 1.029 [.365, 1.694] 0.00
Guajardo & Watson, 2002 (Study 1) 0.183 [-.450, .816] 0.57
Guajardo & Watson, 2002 (Study 2) 0.537 [.002, 1.073] 0.05
Hadwin et al, 1996 0.429 [-.420, 1.279] 0.32
Hale & Tager-Flusberg, 2003 (a) 2.265 [1.480, 3.049] 0.00
Hale & Tager-Flusberg, 2003 (b) 2.168 [1.396, 2.939] 0.00
*Howard, 2008 0.186 [-.589, .960] 0.64
Kloo & Perner, 2003 0.000 [-.696, .696] 1.00
Lecce et al 2012 1.064 [.628, 1.500] 0.00
Lecce et al 2014 0.820 [.307, 1.333] 0.00
Lu et al., 2008 0.724 [.165, 1.282] 0.01
*Nash, 2002 0.922 [.054, 1.790] 0.04
Ornahgi et al, in press 0.897 [.225, 1.568] 0.01
Ozonoff & Miller, 1995 0.778 [-.445, 2.001] 0.21
Paynter & Peterson 2013 0.718 [-.156, 1.592] 0.11
Peskin & Astington, 2004 0.236 [-.323, .796] 0.41
Qu et al, 2015 (a) 0.273 [-.308, .853] 0.36
Qu et al, 2015 (b) 1.042 [.430, 1.653] 0.00
Rostan et al 2014 (a) 0.117 [-.419, .652] 0.67
Rostan et al 2014 (b) 1.091 [.516, 1.666] 0.00
Sellabona et al 2013 (a) 0.394 [-.147, .936] 0.15
Sellabona et al 2013 (b) 0.843 [.280, 1.405] 0.00
Slaughter & Gopnik, 1996, Study 1 (a) 1.170 [.294, 2.045] 0.01
Slaughter & Gopnik, 1996, Study 1 (b) 0.757 [-.078, 1.591] 0.08
Slaughter & Gopnik, 1996, Study 2 (a) 0.493 [-.268, 1.255] 0.20
Slaughter & Gopnik, 1996, Study 2 (b) 0.781 [.005, 1.556] 0.05
Slaughter, 1998 0.940 [.051, 1.828] 0.04
*Smith, 2010 0.094 [-.333, .520] 0.67
+Sprung et al, 2011, Study 1 0.518 [-.093, 1.129] 0.10
+Sprung et al, 2011, Study 2 0.498 [-.105, 1.101] 0.11
+Sprung et al, 2011, Study 3 (a) 1.394 [.880, 1.909] 0.00
+Sprung et al, 2011, Study 3 (b) 0.917 [.429, 1.405] 0.00
Steerneman & Huskens, 1996, Study 1 0.524 [-.622, 1.670] 0.37
Taylor & Hort, 1990, Study 2 0.233 [-.542, 1.009] 0.56
Waugh & Peskin, 2015 0.014 [-.708, .737] 0.97
Wellman & Peterson, 2013 1.391 [.565, 2.217] 0.00
Xiao et al, 2014 0.476 [-.377, 1.329] 0.27
Zhang et al, 2008 (a) 0.621 [-.025, 1.268] 0.06
Zhang et al, 2008 (b) 1.687 [.967, 2.407] 0.00
Zhang et al, 2008 (c) 1.012 [.357, 1.667] 0.00

Overall Effect Size 0.747 [.599, .894] 0.00