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. 2015 Oct 21;41(5):1199–1209. doi: 10.1038/npp.2015.297

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Ghrelin is necessary and sufficient to increase impulsive action measured in the DRL task. Impulsive action, defined as the inability to withhold a response, was assessed on the DRL 20-s schedule. Centrally injected ghrelin did not significantly alter the rewards earned in the DRL task (a) or the number of responses on the active lever (b); however, it significantly reduced the efficiency of the performance (c). Centrally injected GHSR antagonist, JMV2959, did not significantly alter the rewards earned in the DRL task (d); however, it significantly reduced the amount of active lever presses emitted to obtain the rewards (e), and it significantly increased the efficiency of the performance in the task (f). Efficiency was defined as the ratio between the rewarded responses and the total (rewarded+incorrect) responses. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. n=9–10 per each treatment group. *p<0.05, **p<0.005.