Effects of hydrogel spot stiffness and immobilized CRGDS concentration on hMSC cytoskeletal structure. a) Focal adhesion (vinculin, green), stress fiber (F-actin, red), and nuclear (DAPI, blue) stain of hMSCs after 8 days of culture on hydrogel spots with varying stiffness and presenting 4 mM CRGDS. b) Correlation of hMSC focal adhesion density with immobilized CRGDS concentration (calculated by averaging all hydrogel spots with the same CRGDS concentration, regardless of stiffness). c) Average hMSC focal adhesion length on hydrogels of different stiffness values (calculated by averaging all hydrogel spots with the same stiffness values, regardless of CRGDS concentration). Sample size: n ≥ 25 (b–c). Asterisks denote statistical significance as determined by single factor ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer test, whereby ** p<0.01.